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ESA if the state of California refused to <br />act. It appeared as if the parties were <br />headed for confrontation and for court. <br />A Consensus Agreement <br />In December 1994, a consensus agreement <br />was announced by Governor Wilson, the <br />federal government, and representatives of <br />agricultural, business, environmental and <br />urban interests. The agreement that <br />emerged represents a stride toward <br />sustainability for the Bay-Delta environ- <br />ment and for water users dependent on <br />diversions from the Bay-Delta and its <br />tributaries. <br />Essential to completing the Bay-Delta <br />accord were: <br />^ Collaborative decision making with <br />interest groups disposed to finding a <br />solution after so many years of gridlock; <br />^ A substantial incentive for Delta water <br />users to support new water quality <br />standards -the accord contained a <br />commitment to continued efforts to <br />devise alternative pumping or other <br />transportation facilities to produce a <br />long-term solution to the Bay-Delta <br />problem; <br />^ Clearly articulated federal resolve to <br />proceed with a federal solution that <br />would comply with CWA and ESA <br />mandates, while unequivocally support- <br />ing development of state solutions; and <br />^ A farsighted decision by the environ- <br />mental community to make some key <br />compromises when it appeared as if the <br />negotiations would fail. <br />The 1994 negotiations also led to estab- <br />lishment of a joint state-federal effort, the <br />CALFED Bay-Delta Program, to develop a <br />long-term solution to four categories of <br />Bay-Delta problems: <br />^ Ecosystem quality <br />^ Water quality <br />^ Water supply reliability <br />^ System vulnerability <br />That program, with many opportunities <br />for stakeholder participation, has devel- <br />oped three alternative solutions and is <br />scheduled to develop a preferred alterna- <br />tive by the fall of 1998. In the meantime, <br />the state's voters have passed a massive <br />bond issue promising over $600,000 for <br />restoration of the Bay-Delta and its <br />tributaries. Thus, a situation that once <br />seemed mired in confrontational attitudes <br />is currently moving, even if slowly, in a <br />more positive direction. <br />For More Information Contact: <br />Elizabeth Ann Rieke <br />Natural Resources Law Center <br />University of Colorado <br />Campus Box 401 <br />Boulder, CO 80309-0401 <br />Phone: (303) 492-1293 <br />Fax: (303) 492-1297 <br />E-mail: elizabeth.rieke@colorado.edu <br />Collaboration that works <br />^ Commitment of key interest <br />groups to finding a solution that <br />protected the Bay-Delta environ- <br />mentwithout an adverse impact <br />on water supplies <br />^ Agencies and organizations with <br />the financial and technical <br />wherewithal to develop alterna- <br />tives and a willingness to take <br />risks in leadership <br />^ Prior working relations among <br />interest group members <br />^ Real and apparent potential for <br />mutual gains <br />35 <br />