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668
<br />NOTES
<br />Tetracycline marks may persist for at least sev-
<br />eral years in bones and otoliths (Weber and Ridg-
<br />way 1967; Blacker 1974). Muth et al. (1988) ob-
<br />served no loss in quality of TC marks in otoliths
<br />of Colorado squawfish larvae held indoors up to
<br />77 d after marking. Tsukamoto (1985) found that
<br />larvae of ayu Plecoglossus altivelis reared in a
<br />greenhouse retained TC marks in their otoliths for
<br />at least 164 d after marking. Tetracycline marks
<br />were also retained in otoliths of ayu recaptured 2
<br />months after larvae had been released in the sea
<br />(Tsukamoto 1988). Results of tests by Lorson and
<br />Mudrak (1987) to determine effects of sunlight on
<br />tetracycline marks in otoliths of young American
<br />shad showed that overall mark retention 39 d after
<br />marking was similar between fish held in indoor
<br />or outdoor production tanks. However, contrary
<br />to our short-term findings, they noted that marks
<br />in otoliths of fish held outdoors were somewhat
<br />less clear and intense. A reduction in percent of
<br />fish marked (presumably due to loss of mark) be-
<br />tween days 39 and 134 after marking was also
<br />observed among fish held outdoors; no compa-
<br />rable data for fish held indoors were provided.
<br />Experiments may be necessary to assess the long-
<br />term durability of otolith marks in Colorado
<br />squawfish.
<br />Acknowledgments
<br />This paper is contribution 51 of the Larval Fish
<br />Laboratory, Colorado State University. Funding
<br />was provided by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation,
<br />Upper Colorado Regional Office, under coopera-
<br />tive agreement 8-FC-40-06460. We thank D. Be-
<br />yers, C. Carlson, A. Powell, D. Snyder, and an
<br />anonymous reviewer for reviewing the manu-
<br />script.
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<br />Received October 9, 1990
<br />Accepted February 21, 1991
<br />
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