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UCREFRP
UCREFRP Catalog Number
8234
Author
Marsh, P. C. and M. E. Douglas
Title
Predation by Introduced Fishes on Endangered Humpback Chub and Other Native Species in the Little Colorado River, Arizona
USFW Year
1997
USFW - Doc Type
Transactions of the American Fisheries Society
Copyright Material
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237 <br />for more than 5% of the fishes collected during <br />their studies. McConnell et al.'suggested prevailing <br />habitat conditions in Kenney Reservoir would fa- <br />vor common carp. While common carp numbers did <br />not increase as rapidly as expected (Chart 1987), its <br />numbers in the reservoir did increase and its rela- <br />tive abundance below the dam increased notice- <br />ably. We expect the segment of the White River be- <br />low the dam where common carp and fathead min- <br />now are common will extend downstream in time. <br />White suckers were reported by Pettus',"' from <br />the White River near the mouth of Piceance Creek. <br />These records were questioned by Carlson et al.' <br />because white suckers had not been reported in the <br />White River by other investigators. Tyus et al. <br />(1982) also considered the species to be absent in <br />the White River, however, a single specimen was re- <br />ported in collections from the White River in Utah <br />by ERI." It appears white suckers were virtually ab- <br />sent in the White River prior to impoundment, and <br />none were found in our river collections. The indi- <br />viduals captured in Kenney Reservoir in 1989-1990 <br />were taken in gill nets by Trammell (1991) who <br />found no evidence of reproduction or recruitment. <br />Despite this it seems that white sucker abundance <br />and distribution will increase due to favorable hab- <br />itat conditions for this species in the reservoir <br />(McConnell et al.'). <br />In addition to concerns about non-native fishes <br />replacing native species, juveniles of endangered <br />fishes in nursery backwaters of the Green River in <br />Utah (Archer & Tyus") may be at greater predation <br />risk if Kenney Reservoir becomes a chronic source <br />of non-native piscivores. Martinez believed warm- <br />water sport fish escaping from Rio Blanco Lake <br />Pettus, D. 1973. Cold-blooded vertebrates of the Piceance <br />Creek Basin. Rio Blanco and Garfield counties. Colorado. <br />Thorne Ecological Institute. Boulder. 19 pp. <br />10 Pettus, D. 1974. Inventory and impact analysis of fishes. Pi- <br />ceance Creek Basin, Rio Blanco and Garfield counties. Colora- <br />do. Thorne Ecological Institute, Boulder. 13 pp. <br />" Ecosystem Research Institute (ERI). 1983. Investigation of <br />fish distribution, habitat, and food preference in the White Riv- <br />er, Utah and Colorado for White River Shale Oil Corporation. <br />Logan. 162 pp. <br />'` Archer. D.L. & H.M. Tyus. 1984. Colorado squawfish spawn- <br />ing study. Yampa River. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Salt Lake <br />City. 34 pp. <br />(Fig. 1) prior to formation of Kenney Reservoir <br />would not proliferate in the White River due to the <br />lack of suitable habitat. However, Kenney Reser- <br />voir offers more favorable habitat for these species <br />and may contribute to their increased abundance <br />and distribution (Martinez-, Trammell 1991). Con- <br />cern about northern pike Esox lucius from Rio <br />Blanco Lake proliferating in the White River as <br />they did in the Yampa River following their escape <br />from Elkhead Reservoir was a primary factor war- <br />ranting isolation of Rio Blanco Lake following im- <br />poundment of the White River (Martinez'). No <br />northern pike were collected during our investiga- <br />tion: however, two were caught by anglers in the <br />White River below Taylor Draw Dam, one each in <br />1987 and 1990. Anglers also reported catching <br />northern pike in Kenney Reservoir in 1989-1990 <br />(Trammell 1991). Behnke suggested that this spe- <br />cies would flourish in Kenney Reservoir if intro- <br />duced there; however, no evidence to date indicates <br />this species has become established in the White <br />River. - <br />Wiltzius" reported channel catfish were stocked <br />in the White River in 1910. Lemons" stated channel <br />catfish inhabited the White River in Colorado only <br />within the lower 32 km from Rangely to the state- <br />line. Habitat suitable for channel catfish in the <br />White River is poor in comparison to other rivers in <br />western Colorado (Lemons"). This species was <br />considered rare throughout the White River (Carl- <br />son et al.', Lanigan & Berry 1981, Tyus et al. 1982), <br />and this continued to be the case during our investi- <br />gation. Lemons" found no evidence of reproduc- <br />tion by this species, and only a single young-of-year <br />specimen was collected near the state line in 1985 <br />(Martinez'-). Behnke` predicted channel catfish <br />would increase in Kenney Reservoir, however, the <br />number of channel catfish collected in the reservoir <br />decreased during our investigation. Their decline <br />was most likely due to harvest by anglers and lack of <br />natural reproduction due to inadequate temper- <br />" Wiltzius. W.J. 1985. Fish culture and stocking in Colorado, <br />1872-1978. Division Report No. 12. Colorado Division of wild- <br />life. Fort Collins. 102 pp. <br />1° Lemons. D.G. 1955. Channel cat study. Project Number 121, <br />Colorado Game. Fish and Parks Department. Fort Collins. 9 pp.
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