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Last modified
7/14/2009 5:02:29 PM
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5/22/2009 5:52:46 PM
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UCREFRP
UCREFRP Catalog Number
7315
Author
Colorado Water Conservation Board.
Title
State of Colorado Hatchery Feasibility Study for Endangered Fishes of the Colorado River Basin, Vols. 1 & 2.
USFW Year
1993.
USFW - Doc Type
\
Copyright Material
NO
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<br />-- <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />REFERENCE NUMBER: <br /> <br />CITATION: <br /> <br />007 <br /> <br />flamman. R.L. 1981b. Hybridization of three species of chub in a <br />hatchery. Progressive Fish-Culturist 43(3):140-141. <br /> <br />SPECIES AND LIFE STAGE: <br /> <br />TOPICS: <br /> <br />KEYWORDS: <br /> <br />BT, BT ADU, BT EGG, BT tAR, HB, HB ADU <br />- _. - - <br /> <br />Life History, Production, Culture Techniques, Temperature, Diet, <br />Research <br /> <br />BONYTAlL, HUMPBACK CHUB, ROUNDTAIL CHUB, <br />HYBRIDIZATION, SPAWNING, FEEDS, FECUNDITY, EGG <br />DIAMETER, HATClIING TEMPERATIJRE <br /> <br />SUMMARY: FIVe bonytail females from Lake Mohave were crossed with roundtail and humpback chub <br />males at Willow Beach National Fish Hatchery in 1980. Adults were held in concrete tanJcs <br />with recircuJating systems. Water was heated to 20 - 210C by a liquid propane gas water heater <br />(45,000 BTIJIh) and pumped at 1321/min from one tank to another, return flow was by gravity. <br />Substrate consisting of 50 - 75 DUD cobble was placed in the upper portion of the raceway. <br />Cobble substrate was not used for natural spawning by the fish. FISh were injected with <br />acetone-dried carp pituitary mixed with distilled water (40 mg/lO ml for bonytail x roundtail) <br />or oxytetracycline hydrochloride (40 mg/lO m1 for booytail x humpback). Males of each species <br />produced milt of low viscosity after two injections 24 h apan. One bonytail female was ripe <br />when captured and was oot injected, the other females all became ripe after one injection. <br />Upon ripening, females were anesthetized with tricaine methanesulfonate (1:20,000), wiped dry, <br />and stripped into plastic pans. Milt from three or four males was added with water and the <br />eggs were stirred for 60 miD. Some clumping occurred. Eggs were placed on screen trays <br />covered. with 1.4 mm hardware cloth angled 300 to an 8 Vmin flow at either 13 or 2O"c. After <br />hatching fry were placed in cages (1xlxlm covered with 0.5 mm saran filter) in an outside <br />recirculating raceway and fed a staner U'Out diet and the natural zooplankton present in the <br />tank. <br /> <br />Bonytail x roundtail (three females eight males): Eggs (7216) from the uninjeaed bonytail <br />were not fenile. Injected females produced 15,862 and 20,806 eggs each. Egg diameter was <br />1.5 - 20 mm and the volume was 103 eggs/ml. Eggs incubated at 130C developed very slowly. <br />Embryos formed by 96 h but died after 110 h. Eggs incubated at 20"C hatched by 86 h and <br />were completed by 95 h. Larvae averaged 5.5 . 6.5 mm TL. All fry were swimming by 96 h <br />after hatching and averaged 6.5 - 7.5 mm TL. After 16 days these bonytail x roundtail hybrids <br />averaged 12 -13 mm 11- <br /> <br />Bonytail x humpback chub (two females five males): Eggs from the one bonytail female <br />stripped were 1.5 - 20 mm in diameter and 103 eggs/ml in volume. Fecundity was 22,660. <br />Fertilization was as described above. Eggs incubated at 120C failed to hatch, embryos formed <br />by 96 h but died after 110 h. Eggs incubated at 21 oC began hatching at 101 h, and were <br />complete by 172 h. Yolk saa were absorbed by 96 h after hatching and all fry were swimming <br />by 120 h. Fry averaged 6.5 -7.5 mm TL. These hybrids reached 13 - 14 mm 11. in 15 days. <br /> <br />Progeny from each of these crosses persisted for at least seven months and were transferred <br />to Dexter National FISh Hatchery. The combinations of bonytail and roundtail and bonytail <br />and humpback failed to spawn naturally despite their simultaneous sexual maturity and the <br />presence of seemingly suitable spawning substrate. Embryos in eggs from both crosses <br />incubated at 12 - 130C failed to sumve to hatching. Death of embryos at lower temperatures <br />suggests one cause for the decline of such endangered species - eggs may not survive the low <br />water temperature characteristic of the upper Colorado River basin. <br /> <br />A-7 <br />
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