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7/14/2009 5:01:46 PM
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UCREFRP
UCREFRP Catalog Number
7972
Author
Helm, W. T. and H. M. Tyus
Title
Influence of Coating Type on Retention of Dummy Transmitters Implanted in Rainbow Trout
USFW Year
1992
USFW - Doc Type
North American Journal of Fisheries Management
Copyright Material
YES
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<br />. <br /> <br />, .Hell1'\, ,J- 'YJA5 <br />l qGl'Z <br /> <br />o'iQ72 <br /> <br />MANAGEMENT BRIEFS <br /> <br />257 <br /> <br />North American Journal oj Fisheries ManogemRnl 12:257-259, 1992 <br /> <br />Influence of Coating Type on Retention of <br />Dummy Transmitters Implanted in Rainbow Trout <br /> <br />WILLIAM T. HELM1 <br /> <br />Department of Fisheries and Wildlife <br />Utah State University <br />Logan. Utah 84322. USA <br /> <br />HAROLD M. Tvus2 <br /> <br />u.s. Fish and Wild/(fe Service <br />Post Office Box 25486. Denver Federal Center <br />Denver. Colorado 80225. USA <br /> <br />Abstract. - The retention of surgically implanted dum- <br />my transmillers in tests with rainbow trout Oncorhyn' <br />chus mykiss was influenced by outside coatings. Trans- <br />millers with a beeswax coating were rarely expelled (3%), <br />whereas those with paraffin coatings were more often <br />expelled (13%), and those with silicone coatings were <br />commonly expelled (40%). Gross tissue response to the <br />different types of transmiller coatings varied. but bees- <br />wax-coated transmillers usually were encapsulated, <br />whereas others often were free in the body cavity. We <br />were unable to detect a relationship between dummy <br />transmiller size and expulsion rate. <br /> <br />,.,:--~ N~ ~ .~h~ f~ (~~~i.~}\~~l'~~~~~~:~ ~~~ ~ ~ ~ ;'~'I' ;:~t>:~~ '-~ <br /> <br />Biotelemetry is a useful tool in fishery research <br />and management. However, recent laboratory <br />studies (Summerfelt and Mosier 1984; Chisholm <br />and Hubert 1985; Marty and Summerfelt 1986) <br />have indicated that some salmonid and ictalurid <br />fishes expel implanted dummy transmitters that <br />are coated with paraffin. The transmitters were <br />expelled directly through ruptured incisions or in- <br />directly via a transintestinal route (Marty and <br />Summerfelt 1986). Expulsion occurred within the <br />useful life of most transmitters, so it could limit <br />radio-tracking studies. However, such expulsion <br />has not been noted in field studies of some other <br />fishes (Tyus 1988), and expulsion noted in the <br />laboratory may be related to the size of the im- <br />plant, location of the incision, holding stress, or <br />type of coating used on the implant. <br />We implanted dummy transmitters in rainbow <br />trout Oncorhynchus mykiss to evaluate the effects <br />of three coatings and sizes on expulsion rate. Two <br />experiments were conducted at separate locations <br /> <br />I Deceased. <br />2 To whom reprint requests should be sent. <br /> <br />to determine whether different coatings, sizes of <br />transmitters, or holding conditions influence the <br />rate of transmitter expulsion. We presumed that <br />direct expulsion would not occur if incisions re- <br />mained tightly sutured and the wounds were al- <br />lowed to heal. <br />For the first experiment, 24 rainbow trout were <br />obtained from the Utah Division of Wildlife Re- <br />sources hatchery at Logan, Utah, in May 1986. <br />The fish were placed in two O.93-m, circular, fi- <br />berglass tanks, held in 100C circulating well water, <br />and fed a standard hatchery diet of pelleted food <br />,( 1-2% body weight/d). On 12 December 1986, the <br />fish were anesthetized in a 200-mg/L solution of <br />tricane and weighed and measured (total length, <br />TL). A dummy transmitter (DTR) was then in- <br />serted into the body cavity via a lateral incision <br />through the musculature on the left side of the <br />fish, anterior to the pelvic girdle along the distal <br />ends of the ribs. Standard 3.0-mm Ethelon sutures <br />(4-5 individual sutures per incision) were used to <br />close the wound. All surgery was performed by the <br />senior author. After surgery the fish were placed <br />in fresh water for recovery and subsequently re- <br />turned to their holding tanks. <br />Three sizes of round, weighted, wooden dowels <br />were used as DTRs: small-I x 2.5 cm, 3 g in air; <br />medium-\.25 x 3 cm, 4.7 g; and large-\.6 x <br />5 cm, 11.7 g. Each DTR was weighted by placing <br />lead in a hole drilled in one end. The DTRs were <br />numbered with india ink and waterproofed with <br />three coats of varnish (VarathaneS). After the var- <br />nish had dried for 24 h, 12 DTRs were coated with <br />melted beeswax and 12 with pharmaceutical-grade <br />melted paraffin (ParowaxS). Two large DTRs (one <br />beeswax-coated and one paraffin-coated) were im- <br />planted in the largest fish, and the remainder were <br />placed in fish regardless of size. After implanta- <br />tion, daily inspections were made to determ ine fish <br />condition and the presence or absence of expelled <br />DTRs in fish tanks. <br />All fish were killed after 419 d by placing them <br />in a lethal concentration of anesthetic. Fish were <br />weighed, measured (TL), and necropsied to deter- <br />mine the location of DTRs and degree of tissue <br />encapsulation. Growth was calculated by subtract- <br /> <br />...!,",.," . <br />- ",'; :< <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />I <br />! <br />I <br />
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