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CONTENTS ABSTRACf ....................... 1 INTRODUCTION A COMBINED DEVELOPMENTAL INTERVAL TERMINOLOGY ........ 5 CHARACfERISTICS USEFUL IN IDENTIFICATION OF CYPRINIFORM FISHLAURVAJE ................... 7 Myomeres ...................... 9 Fins and Finfolds ................. 10 Other Countable Structures . . . . . . . . ., 12 Morphology .................... 12 Pigmentation ................... 13 Osteology ..................... 14 SPECIMENS EXAMINED METHODS Specimen Data and Observations . . . . . 16 Clearing and Staining Procedure ..... 19 Number 2 RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS ..... 23 Comparative Summary ............ 23 Size relative to state of development 23 Meristies and morphometries ..... 24 Pigmentation ................. 27 Mouth characters .............. 31 Osteological features ........... 32 Keys ......................... 37 Eggs ....................... 39 Protolarvae .................. 39 Flexion Mesolarvae ............ 47 Postflexion Mesolarvae ......... 54 Skeletal Character Key ........ 73 Metalarvae .................. 73 Skeletal Character Key ....... 81 Juveniles .................... 82 Skeletal Character Key ....... 98 Species Accounts - Ca/ostomus ardens ............. 100 Catostomus commersoni ......... 108 Ca/ostomus discobolus .......... 116 Catostomus /atipinnis ........... 124 Catostomus platyrhynchus ........ 132 Xyrauchen texanus ............. 140 LITERATURE CITED ............. 148 15 16 TABLES Page Number Page 1 Comparison of size at onset or 12 Dimensions of frontoparietal transition of developmental events 24 fontanelle for Catostomus ardens 107 2 Comparison of the more diagnostic 13 Selected juvenile and adult meristics differences in meristies . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 for Catostomus commersoni ....... . 108 3 Comparison of the more diagnostic 14 Size at apparent onset of selected differences in morphometries ....... 26 developmental events for Catostomus 4 Comparison of size relative to commersoni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 pigmental state of peritoneum ...... 28 15 Size at developmental interval and gut 5 Comparison of the more diagnostic phase transitions for Catostomus melanophore pigmentation patterns . . 29 commersoni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 6 Comparison of size relative to mouth position and lower lip lobe separation . 32 16 Summary of morphometries and 7 Comparison of frontoparietal myomere counts for Catostomus fontanelle size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 commersoni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 8 Selected juvenile and adult meristics 17 Dimensions of frontoparietal fontanelle for Catostomus ardens . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 for Catostomus commersoni ....... . 115 9 Size at apparent onset of selected 18 Selected juvenile and adult meristics developmental events for Catostomus for Catostomus discobo/us ........ . 116 ardens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 19 Size at apparent onset of selected 10 Size at developmental interval and gut developmental events for Catostomus phase transitions for Catostomus discobo/us . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 ardens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 20 Size at developmental interval and gut 11 Summary of morphometries and phase transitions for Catostomus myomere counts for Catostomus ardens 101 discobo/us . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 IV J