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Table 1. Comparison of size (rnm standard length) at onset or transition of developmental intervals, gut phases, and other developmental events for larvae and early juveniles of Upper Colorado River Basin catostomids. Rare extremes in parentheses. * = "or before hatcb.ing." Catostomus Catostomus Catostomus Catostomus Catostomus Catostomus Xyrauchen Character ardens catostomus commersoni discobo/us /atipinnis p/atyrhynchus texanus Egg diameter: 2.9-3.2 (2.2)2.4-3.0 2.6-3.3 3.3-3.5 3.8-3.9 2.3-2.7 2.5-2.8 Phase/period transitions Embryo to larva: (7)8-11 (7)8-10 (7)8-1 0 (8)9-IO( II) (8-)10-11 (7)8 7-9 Proto- to mesolarva: 12-13 II 10-12 10-12 13 II (10)11(12) Flexion to postflexion mesolarva: 13-14 12-13 (12)13-15 (11)12-13 (14)15(16) 13-14 (11)12-13 Meso- to metalarva: 15-17 15-16(17) 15-16(17) (15-)17 19-20(21 ) 16-17 15-17 Larva to juvenile: 19-20 21-22 (17-)19-20 21-22(23) 23-24(25) 21-22 (21)22-23(24) Gut phase transitions I to 2 (900 bend): 14-17 14 14-15(16) 14(15) (17) 18(-20) 14-17 (14)15(-17) 2 to 3 (full loop): 18-19 16-17 (16)17-18 15(16) (19-)21-25(-27) 16-17 17 3 to 4 (partial crossover): 20-22 18-21(22) 19-20(21) (16)17 (22)23-32(-37) 18-20 18-25(26) 4 to 5 (full cross over): 27 -28 (19)20-23(-25) (20)21-25 (16)17-19(-21) (29-)35-42 21-23 (22-)26-28(-31) Onset of selected events Eyes Pigmented: 9-10 · (7)8 · (7)8 · 9-10 · (9)10 · 8 (7)8(9) · Yolk Assimilated: 12-13 10-11(12) 10-12(-14) (10-)12-13(14) (14)15(16) (10) II (9)10-11 Finfold Absorbed: 19 21-22 (17-)19-20 21-22(23) 23-24(25) 21-22 (21)22-23(24) Pectoral Fin Buds: (7). . (7)8 · (8) · (9) · (7) · 7. Pelvic Fin Buds: 13-14( 15) 12 13-15 14 (15)16(17) 13 (13)14 Fin rays first observed Dorsal, principal: 13-15 13-14 12-13 (11-)13(14) 15 13 13-14 Anal, principal: 14-15 (13)14(15) 14-16 14-15 17 14-15 (13-)15 Caudal, principal: 12-13 II 10-12 10-12 13 II (10)11(12) Caudal, rudimentary: 14-15 13-14 13-15 14 (16)17 14 14 Pectoral: 14-15 13-14 14-16 14-15 17 13-15 (13-)15 Pelvic: 14-17 14(15) 15-16 (15)16 17-18 ]6 (13-)15-17 Full fin ray counts first observed Dorsal, principal: 14-16 (13)14(15) 14-16 (]4)15 17-18 14-17 15(-]7) Anal, principal: 15-17 15-16(17) 15-16(17) (15-)17 19-20(21) 16-17 15-17 Caudal, principal: 13-14 12-13 (12)13-15 (11)12-13 (14)15(16) 13-14 (11)12-13 Caudal, rudimentary: 19-20 21 (17)18 19-20 23 20-21 19-20(-24) Pectoral: 15-18 20-21 16(-20) 16-18(19) 19-22 18-20 16-18 Pelvic: 18-19 (16-)18-19(-21) 16-18 19-20 23 18-20 16-17 Scales, lateral series First observed: 21-23 27-28 22(23 ) 28-34 (36)37-39 23-24 24-28 Full series first observed: 24-28 (30)3 I 29-31 30-39 39-42 32-38 33-36(37) phases (Table 2). White and Utah suckers usually have fewer than 75 lateral rows of scales whereas longnose, bluehead, and flannelmouth suckers usually have over 85, and mountain and razorback suckers typically have counts between 75 and 85. Typical counts of principal dorsal fin rays are highest for razorback sucker with 14-15, and lowest for longnose and mountain suckers with 10; the other species have typical counts within the 11-13 range. However, when considering observed extremes in these counts, three species have ranges that include the count of 14 and five species include the count of 10. As would be expected, vertebra counts (based on specimens on cleared and stained for cartilage or bone) nearly match or fall within the range of total myomere counts (all larval phases combined). The one notable exception, an upper extreme of 50 vertebrae for the mountain sucker is based on one verified observation over 48. The greater range in values for myomere 24