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380 Recovery of Long-lived Species proliferation of literature (reviewed by Joseph 1977; Joseph et aI. 1977; Wydoski et aI. 1980; Ferriole 1987; USFWS 1989a) and special sym- posia (e.g., W H. Miller et al. 1982C; Spofford et aI. 1980). By the late 1970S an increas- ing need for information to evaluate water- resource development under the ESA resulted in formation of the Colorado River Fish Proj- ect (CRFP), an interagency cooperative effort involving three field research stations (W H. Miller et aI. 1982d; Shields 1982; Wydoski and Hamill, this volume, chap. 8). The CRFP served as a focus for research activities in the upper Colorado River basin for the next decade. Attempts at management of Colorado squawfish and other endemic fishes by im- plementation of flow-related and non-flow- related measures are recent developments and Fig. 19-1. Juvenile Colorado River squawfisl about 20 em TL, from the Green River, Utah. Photographs by H. M. Tyus, summer 1986. center largely on authorities pursuant t( tion 7 of the ESA (Lambertson 1982). Sc fish management in the upper Colorado is now centered on a multiagency cansO! coordinated by the USFWS (I987a), and is optimism for its recovery by the end 0 century (USFWS 1987a; Rose and H 1988; Wydoski and Hamill, this VOi chap. 8). However, little information OJ planned activities, or their ecological ~ has been published. This chapter summarizes current kr edge of the life cycle, status, and manage options for Colorado squawfish, using lished and previously unpublished data. ~ of the background information was devel from unpublished agency reports that co important information not otherwise able. Emphasis is placed on managemel