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<br />156
<br />
<br />(/laft .1cadclIl:r of Scirllco. /11"1..; and /A'lters
<br />
<br />IVol. XIII 19361
<br />
<br />country, providing- material for papers on C:tah fish by Professors Baird amI
<br />Girard.
<br />The untiring-" efforts of Campbell ~anington and C. .\L Da\\'~s, n:\turali'its; A
<br />of the Hayden Surveys, brought to light many new species which wcre de-l .
<br />scribed by Professor K D. Cope. Mr. :\, P. i\ockwcll (1.')74) contrihuted a
<br />short paper on the native fish of Utah.
<br />
<br />The most complete and noteworthy study on the fish of Utah now exten
<br />is the one by Professor E. D. Cope and Dr. B. C. Yarrow (1875). This re-
<br />port is based upon a collection made in central amI southern Utah by Dr
<br />Yarrow and Mr. H. W. Henshaw, naturalists of the \Vheeler Survey. In thi
<br />treatise 22 species are listed. many of which are descrihed as new.
<br />. Dr. David Starr Jordan and his students, Dr. B. W. Evermann, and Pro-
<br />fessor J. O. Snyder have contributed to the knowledge' of Utah ichthyology.
<br />Dr. Jordan's first visit was in IBM and again in 18R9. at which times several'
<br />new species were found. In 1915 Professor Snyder visited Rear Lake and
<br />obtained specimens of three species of endemic white-fish which he later de-
<br />scribed (1919).
<br />Practically all of the above-mentioned collections, in so far as they are in!
<br />existence, arc in the National Miuseum Collection, Washington, D. C. ThiSI
<br />paper is based upon a collection which is probably one of the largest of Utah
<br />fish, other than the one in the National Museum. The writer has collectedl
<br />Utah fish for many years, and this has been augmented by specimens obtained I
<br />by the Zoological Expeditions sent out by the Brigham Young University dur-,i
<br />ing the past ten years. .
<br />I am indebted to the late Dr. David Starr Jordan for his suggestions and!
<br />advice in connection with the study of Utah fishes, also for his assistance in!
<br />procuring literature 011 the subject. It was through Dr. Jordan's kindness that:
<br />the writer obtained many valuable books on ichthyology from the library ofl.
<br />his son, Eric Knight Jordan. Dr. Carl L. Hubbs has also kindly, studied manYl
<br />of the species of this report. Finally, many zoology students of the Brighamj
<br />Young University have studied and collected the fishes of Utah which has con-.
<br />tributed much to the knowledge of our fauna. :
<br />
<br />Classification of Utah Fishes
<br />
<br />~
<br />
<br />This systematic arrangement of the families, genera and species is pre-
<br />sented for those who are not trained in ichthyology. The average individual
<br />knows nothing about the general classification of the fishes. This state of
<br />affairs may be improved if those who use this study will spend a little time
<br />with the keys to the families, genera and species. j
<br />The fishes belong to a major group of animals known as vertebrates be-
<br />cause they possess a spinal column made up of bones called vertebrae. The'
<br />fishes belong to the first of five classes of vertebrates, known .a Pisces. All
<br />the Utah species are easily recognized if they are studied in connection with
<br />the cuts, keys and discussions. (See Plate I, Figs. 1 and 2.) I
<br />The various technical terms used in the keys have been greatly reduced i
<br />in number and with the use of the outiine drawings, used to illustrate the i
<br />principal external features of a fish, all the terms should be understood. I
<br />The 25 native species of this state belong to 5 different families. Keys I
<br />to only the native species are given in this study, and they have been arranged i
<br />to follow Dr. Jordan's recent check list. I
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<br />I
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<br />I
<br />
<br />Trll1I1CI-: A Study of the Fishes of Utah
<br />
<br />157
<br />
<br />Key to the Families
<br />
<br />\' entral fins inserted
<br />if at all reached by
<br />,,'anting.
<br />
<br />B. Body more or less completely
<br />
<br />C. Ventral fins present.
<br />
<br />well back on the abdomen, their onglllS barely
<br />the tops of the Jlectoral fins, or ventral fins
<br />
<br />covered with scales.
<br />
<br />E.
<br />
<br />Adipose fin present.
<br />F. Dorsal fin moderate, w~th 9 to 15 rays.
<br />(1) Family Sa1monidae, Trout and White-fish. p. 161
<br />
<br />EE.
<br />
<br />No adipose fin.
<br />
<br />BB.
<br />
<br />G. Dorsal fin with ten or more rays without spines;
<br />no barbels; body nsually cylindrical.
<br />(2) Family Catostomidae, The Suckers......, p. 165
<br />
<br />GG. Dorsal fin with 9 or more rays without a serrate
<br />spine (native species); or dorsal fin with 17 t~ 21
<br />rays, and a serrate spine (introdnced species);
<br />barbels present or absent; body often somewhat
<br />compressed.
<br />(3) Family Cyprinidae, Minnows and Carp. ..p. 168
<br />(4) Family Medidae, Desert Minnows....... p. 171
<br />
<br />Body without scales; adipose fin usually and barbels always
<br />present.
<br />
<br />AA.
<br />
<br />Family Siluridae, the Catfish. (Introduced).
<br />
<br />Ventral fins inserted well forward, their origins quite nea! the
<br />origins of the pectoral fins; anterior portion of the dorsal fm al-
<br />ways with spines.
<br />
<br />H. Body well covered with .scales; which are regularly
<br />arranged; anal fin with spines.
<br />
<br />1. Dorsal fin single, the spinous and soft portions
<br />always united.
<br />
<br />Family Centrarchidae, Sunfish and Bass. (In-
<br />troduced).
<br />
<br />II. Dorsal fins two, the spinous and soft dorsals
<br />completely separated or just touching the base.
<br />
<br />Family Percidae, Perch. (Introduced).
<br />
<br />Body without scales, or at least not regularly and
<br />completely covered with scales; skin m?re 0: Jess
<br />covered with minute prickles; and fm Without
<br />spines.
<br />(5) Family Cottidae, Tihe ScuJpins or Bullheads, p. 172
<br />
<br />HH.
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