|
<br />1)0
<br />
<br />TilE \\':\S:\I.\:'\:\ )Ol'R:\\1. OF IlIOU)(;Y, VOL, .\,1, :\0. I, 1')7"
<br />
<br />Gild ~'Il;'ili, 11.\11</1 and (; 1I1.\IW. IS3.\a: ,H,') (ori!:inal ,ksrripl i~n. "Zuni > _I~i':'
<br />
<br />:\".;,. :\k\:co"); (;11<.\1</1. IS.,(,:20., (Iist..d); Jl\IIW and (011<.\1</1, Is.'s:..
<br />
<br />'('\\,hill' l~in'l. .\Ii/llna"); (""1'1: and \'.'1<1<0\\'. Is7(,:0(>.' (charactl'''); .I,
<br />
<br />Il.\" and (;11.111.1<1, ISS.I:!!S (chalact('I,).
<br />,. I) IS 'i' '01 (dl:rraclersl.
<br />I', \"(1",,'I,,'il/l.> ,''''''X (;11' \I<Il, IS.,(,:20') ("ll'r , ,.5 :.\
<br />. I I t uKall~as H.i\"l'r," ["
<br />Gilt/ af.li"i, .-\UII"TT, IS(,O:~7.1-74 (ori~:ina 'l'SCrlP 'on.
<br />
<br />,'rror. I"colit\ unknown).
<br />I.n,d'''/I' '''''/I,,/I/I, (;C.""II1<. IS(,S:2~1 Ich:rra..I(',,),
<br />I t lor ".IITluili.," prl'(1l
<br />1"',II'i'(/lI :/I"",.,,,i,, (; [";>;1I I 1.1<, IS6S:2~1 In'pac..ml'n "
<br />
<br />fupi,'d in I.,'/I(i,(/I.> I. . .. . " .. ",' G d"~'/I1"
<br />C'I ('. IS'I. I-II 10li"lInl dl"CrlpllOn, po"II,I, ~ oun~ 'I.' .
<br />,/ tI nt/rr,'o UI'I', " . - -'. . ( _ _ . I '
<br />.. '\1' It,.I'.! "-41.; ((h:lraCll.r,.... (Ulllp:lrI...OIl....l. J L"\..... ,
<br />(,da r"h"d., ro '''''II . ILlI.I~. ;. . _. .
<br />'. . 1')(11"'" 1\',.lrI,. SI\I";>; Ill.;1:7!) Icharacll'r" I,~ull':.
<br />fconlp:llI...nn:--), ,) )..'1, :-. l.. " '~. : 'K\I.\'
<br />-, 100 I'. .,.1 1'1(" ;'i' (dnrarl,'rs. rOl1lpan,orh), Ilu. .
<br />L\ ){In':I{:-\. I',L"~: "".' ,-.. ~ . , 1
<br />. . '11 \' ). \'\1"0 111'\ \111111<. 1)('
<br />l'Jh,; 4::; 1lh.n;l\'\t'r.. llJlllp.II)..on.., I u..tr.i Ion.. I .. .
<br />. '. ' I 'I ,. 'II\" 1l)lJ(,:.\17-I') Irllmparhlln'
<br />"1 (comp'lrHln,)' B.\IWI.h "n, .J I" h .., . .
<br />" '. , . . ) (" . I 'If s. \- 1- i) Ill'll
<br />'.11;>;l'hI.lS allol .\!.l;UI. l')(,S;'),;-'l~ Iromparholl, : ..,,1.1., ,. .' I _, .
<br />: I" ). 1'1""'. '111,1 \11,,'hll\" 1'170: [()-IS (Ii~ur,>. ran~l". rharadl"r>'
<br />Ilat. ,I!!url' , \......... .... '"
<br />:\1t'Thl.l.\'. l'1i.;:loo ('Yllllnymy. charanl"rs. "r~lo~y). " ",. .
<br />Gila ~"'''''II/i B\lIIIl and CIII.\''''. ISS.ic:';S'i (Iln~lIlal dl"scrl~'IIO~l, 1"0 >~::"
<br />. . .. (' I S;o' '0' \ h'll'll) Is,)
<br />l' -dro trihu'a\"\' to Rill CiLl. .\f1l011l1 ); .\I\.\I<n, '. . _. . :'
<br />". - . ,- ~'I (I"'l'l)' CO,'" and \.\I<I"'W.
<br />(,1-62 (rharackr>, li~url"'): (01'1., ISII: ~ 1.((, . .
<br />. .. . nw rall~"\, J lllll'.\" and l.ll.l1l.1<
<br />1S7(,:\>1>5-(,1> (Ill pari: (hara,lI'r,. ,~nllll~ .'
<br />
<br />)S";';:!!S ((hararln.,l.
<br />
<br />I.n/(i,,.,,, ~",I"'II/i. Cr-"llll.l<. IS(,S:2.12 Icharadl'rs).. . . ...
<br />
<br />1'/\,(II,.'-/II'il/l, 1/1";/1,. En.!\\1 \;>;;>; and ({ITIII,. IS'I.;:-li(, (11l1S1l":nll~I('dl.
<br />. ... . -, ,s. (" ,Ul' "({IO San Pl'dr...
<br />Gila '0/"""'. En:I<\I.\;>;" :IIH1 Rt'T1I.1/, l:-;'I.'.~..' III '" .' . .
<br />. . I" ("1' I: 1 1 "rid"..r lien....', Fork 01 (;rc','n ({1\.1'r. \\ hi!'
<br />Inhut:IIT 01 ..)1) .I.t. (r ) -.. _ .
<br />. ... \.1 (' ".k \.'on.,"), I..HIl\;>; and Lnl'
<br />Ri\'<'r. (\)lor:"lo (llI'IlIllo. and ., 1r" . .. III . " .,
<br />\I."'''. I.S'I(,:2!i (in pari; rhar:KIl'I', di.'LrihUlionl: (;11.11'1<1 and :->""1'111
<br />I I'J'O'111 tin Inri' 11..I..d): :\111.11
<br />I.";'IS:-I'G tin p:lrl.l: .I"'ill\" ,., ".. .'. - "
<br />. .1 l(iHn'~I~ (in ,nrl' rOl1lpali,ons, charac,,"rs
<br />IIJ~.': 10~ (Ill part: ran~l' , . , . . _. '.
<br />. 1')(" (. ,'r!' li.I,'d). """TIll. 1')." "
<br />1'11,\ b:; ill tin pari; h:d'I(;II), ,.,. I In 1,1 .. , . .
<br />I I", - 11)( ~. ':'~lJ~.l}O ')' / ill P;lrl; "Coldr;lCln 1{I\'cl" ;lll.!
<br />(tharal"ll'l":-); .,\ \.J\LI-..... '_.". ._ ~
<br />' . ). \1 "hIIY 'IIHI Illl('.,\" I'I(,.S: [.L.
<br />IriIJur:lri,'~." ronljl;tn"on..;.. :o"~'nonYJn~' . . I. ( .,. . .
<br />
<br />(in lurl; li,1 c.,I1. .
<br />. I I-I' ''("I,'ar Cr....k :.'
<br />Rid",,,I,,,,,i,,, gi""",,,,'. S;>;\IlLl<. l'II.;:.,S2 (Ill p:lr ..
<br />
<br />mik, aho\'<' ronlhl,'nn' \\;Ih \.erd....'.
<br />I .-- ( I)' \J II /I I< and 1.0\\'1.. ['1(,:
<br />Gila ''''',,,/<1 "'/'/1"", :\111.1.1 1<. l'llo! I: '., in par ,. ...
<br />
<br />HI ,in part): :\1l"ChLl.\ and .\I.cLl/, 1'j(,S:'),;-'1~ (ill lUIII; ('''1.1. I'H.
<br />
<br />~il,72 (in p:lrl: hal>il;'I1.
<br />I I :\1'" ~ J 1 \ PH Ih' , 1 i -- j
<br />Gil'l r/lI'/I<'ll: r"I.,,>/a ;': il/la",,.,lill. \.\1\11/1' :in' . I., . . "
<br />
<br />(,'hara"...". ".\ra\'aipa ("J"l,..k. :\rilona").
<br />I \ I') 0 II I ,iigll,.c'. rang,.
<br />Gila rolll/.,l.' ,rahllmi. 1':'1:\';o."T alH .11:\'(",,1.1.\'. ";:)--;
<br />
<br />::\11:'iChl.l:\", l'ii.l: 1O! (synonymy, "haracters, ,'colo~\'),
<br />
<br />C\'PRl:\"!IJ FISlfES--Rl:\":\"E
<br />
<br />1)1
<br />
<br />I )IS(TSSIO:\ ,\:\1) CO:--;CU'S!ll:\S
<br />
<br />Ta\nllo'lIir cOlll'lll."ioIlS in precedillg secliolls are based lar.~dy
<br />on lhe lack of "t'cntypy" in chllbs llf the lOll'er t'll!oradll Ri\'er
<br />basin. alld on Iheir dislributions that are inconsistent with :Iny
<br />concd\":,blt' patll'l"I1 of ,.;pecies inter!.:radalion. Interpretation of
<br />pattt'flb of \'arialioll Ile("(>,.;silatt's ('x:Illlinalion of lIlt' hislory of illt('.
<br />gralion ill the drain:!'!':I' basin. alld of age, ori.!.:ills, and affinities
<br />of its fauna.
<br />Since chub.s r('[I'r;lble to (;ill/ are known frolll mid-:\lioC('ne 10
<br />pre'ellt (:\rillt-r. I "(,) I, and specie..; near, ii nut identical to, G.
<br />rolJ//sl,/ an' pl'I.'t'nl in !:tIe l'lio("('lll' (("-,"eno and :\Iilln. IWJ.l, 1c)()5),
<br />il will hI' 1l1'n'.'.":lry I,) n'\'il'\\' /lIlIch oi till' kllowll ('ellozoic history
<br />of Ihl' ""n'r ('olor:l"o Ri\'t'r h:l,ill. :\,.; all orielltatioll to tilt' ~('_
<br />qllenC('> oi diUl'l'Cllli:ltioll of Gila ill this area, lhe iollowin,!.: ('\"l'llls
<br />are prol'o,.;ed a.'; most prohable and will he ju,.;tifil'd anrl I'xpallded
<br />Ialt'r: (I) Thl' lowl'r h:l,.;in wa.; illhal)ited by a form of G. ro/JuJla
<br />deri\'l'd from the Illlrth in early slages of draina.!!e inlegralion with
<br />Ihe Colorado I'late:lll and I)('.!.:an to differentiall': (2) a second
<br />form oi (;ila ((;. illlf'/"II//'dia or its anceslor) in\'arll'd from the south.
<br />and inhabill'd W:lln.s ,,;olllh alld Wl'st of the :\logolloll I1ighl:tnds:
<br />(.1) compl,'lion of intl'rn:ll illle;.::ratioll of the (;il:t basill allowed
<br />anol/wr if1\'asion Ili Ihl' a!.:!.:ressi\'e, Iar!!e-rin'r poplllation of G.
<br />rO/iIIs/a into ;\1"(':1' inhabited by both the othn chllb__: (.1) l'CO-
<br />logical :ldjllslllll'IlI" all" di."placellH'nts occllrred. phl.s int('r!.:radatioll
<br />of Ih" 111'0 forms oi G. rohusla. ulllil pre,.;elll distributions were
<br />a lIai lH'd.
<br />IlIlerpn.t:llion oi ch:lll;.::es ill dr:lill:l!.:e in Ihis \'aSI reg III 11 C!'nl('l"
<br />prillcip:dly on Ihl' n'I:llillll.'hip" IIi tIll' ('olor:ld,) I'ble:llI III arl':I";'
<br />III Ihl' sOllth :llld \q'SI (Ii;.::. I)). 111 mid to laIc Cenozoic (IS million
<br />y"ar.s :!.!.:o: 1.1Icch;Il:1, 11)12), 11ll' ('olllrado l'lateau 1Il0,.;t likely
<br />nmsisled oi a low, allu\'ial plaill 1I('ar sea 11'\"1'1 wilh drain:lge 10 Ihe
<br />east alld nllrlhl':'''l to\\'ar" n'cl'''ill!.: .'l'as (\\"iboll. !9(12: :\IrK(>e
<br />1'1 Ill.. '()(,I J. III 1.:lr:ll11i"e 1;1l1\'S IIplift alollg thl' \\"l'stl'f'/l mar!.:in
<br />and in SOllll' are:1S Oil thl' plaleau was gentle: directiolls Ilf drainage
<br />remailled rdati\'t'ly IIl1chan!.:I'd. E\lensi\'t, ero,.;iwl of .\[esozoic de-
<br />posits W:lS arrompanied and followl'd by dl'posilion of extensi\"e
<br />nortlll'f'/l and 1':1,.;11'1"11 l!I'ds durin;.:: lIlt' Eocl'ne ill Ihe area thaI now
<br />is ('I:lh. :\crordill;':: 10 .\IcKI'I' !'/ al. (I <j(l/l. IWIl drainagl' ,.;ystems
<br />appea n'd on I he Colorado Pia ll'a II by early :\ 1 iocelH', or SOOller: the
<br />
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