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opinion in favour of actions that favour rather
<br />than degrade wetlands.
<br />A broadly based handbook on management
<br />techniques for wetlands is greatly needed. The
<br />text should consist of introductory overview
<br />sections covering wetland sciences, legislation,
<br />international conventions and organizations,
<br />practical help on obtaining expert assistance,
<br />mobilizing public opinion, working with local
<br />people, etc. More detailed coverage of more
<br />specific issues should be provided in sections
<br />related to particular climatic or geographic
<br />regions. For example, one section should focus on
<br />regions with a Mediterranean climate and
<br />include the Mediterranean basin, parts of
<br />California and Chile, and sections of southern
<br />Africa and south-central Australia. Since the
<br />hydrology of wetland systems is dominated by
<br />climatic conditions, it is valuable to work with
<br />such regionalizations. In addition, the
<br />juxtaposition of different parts of the world may
<br />lead to transfers of experience and exchange of
<br />management techniques. Where detailed scientific
<br />studies are undertaken there should be a
<br />presumption in favour of integrated studies of
<br />whole ecosystems. In addition, efforts should be
<br />made to incorporate an economic element in the
<br />studies and to orient the work towards the needs
<br />of the managers of the site and similar sites.
<br />Where people use the wetland, they and their
<br />activities should be incorporated into the whole
<br />ecosystem study.
<br />Finally, experience has shown that there are
<br />three qualities that can always be applied to
<br />wetland management: patience, persistence and
<br />perseverance.
<br />REFERENCES
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<br />Adams, W.M. and Hollis, G.E. 1989. The Hadejia-
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<br />Adamus, P.R., E.J. Clairain, D. Smith and R.E.
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<br />Cleave, J. 1988. Environmental assessments.
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<br />Dugan, P., ed. 1990. Wetlands conservation and
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<br />Etherington, J.R. 1983. Wetland ecology. Arnold,
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<br />Everett, M.J., I.R. Hepburn, Y. Ntiamoa-Baidu and
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<br />Friends of Prespa. 1988. Data for zoning the
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<br />Hollis, G.E. and W.M. Adams. 1989. Ducks and
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<br />Kusler, J. and G. Brooks, eds. 1987. Wetland
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<br />Berne, New York.
<br />McNeely, J.A. 1988. Economics and biological
<br />diversity. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
<br />Mercer, J.W. and C.R. Faust. 1986. Groundwater
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<br />Nostrand Rheinhold, New York, New York.
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