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such as sunfish, minnows, suckers, perch, pike, pickerel, and <br />carp spawn in shallow waters. By controlling the water level at <br />times when these species spawn, reductions in their population <br />are possible. Davis and Hughes (1964, 1968) and Lantz et al. <br />(1964) reported that water-level drawdown in Bussey Lake, <br />Louisiana, resulted in removal of 95% of the macrophytes and a <br />reduction in nuisance fish. Shields (1958) reported that common <br />carp reproduction was negatively impacted by water-level <br />drawdowns in a South Dakota reservoir. Water-level manipulations <br />in arid and semi-arid regions are more difficult because water is <br />a precious commodity used for irrigation and domestic or <br />industrial uses (Wydoski 1990). <br />Selective control of the 34 nonnative, nonsalmonid fish <br />species in the UCRB may be assessed through these methods. <br />Understanding the life history requirements of these nonnative <br />fishes will be critical for reducing their abundance (summarized <br />in Species Accounts and Table 3). We present particular control <br />options or combinations of methods that appear best suited at <br />reducing the abundance of these species (summarized in Species <br />Accounts and Table 4). Furthermore, targeting groups of species <br />and/or habitats when nonnative species are abundant will optimize <br />time and effort involved for control (Wiley and Wydoski 1993). <br />31