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Last modified
7/14/2009 5:02:34 PM
Creation date
5/20/2009 10:25:48 AM
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UCREFRP
UCREFRP Catalog Number
8274
Author
Pitlick, J. and R. Cress.
Title
Longitudinal Trends in Channel Characteristics of the Colorado River and Implications for Food-Web Dynamics.
USFW Year
2000.
USFW - Doc Type
Recovery Implementation Program Project 48-C,
Copyright Material
NO
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Rulison-DeBeque (Stratum 11): The uppermost study reach extends 37 river kilometers (RKM) <br />from Rulison, CO, to the head of DeBeque Canyon (RKM 365-328). In this reach, the Colorado <br />River flows through a wide alluvial valley underlain by shales and sandstones of the Green River <br />Formation (Cashion, 1973). Locally the river channel is bounded by Pleistocene pediments and <br />strath terraces. The active floodplain is up to 1 km wide in many areas. Mature stands of native <br />cottonwood trees (Populus deltoides) are common on the floodplain, along with shrubs such as <br />willow and sage. Non-native species such as tamarisk (Tamarisk chinensis) and Russian olive <br />(Elaeagnus angustifolia), are much less abundant in this reach than in reaches downstream. The <br />average bankfull width of the river is 114 m, the bankfull depth is 2.45 in, the average slope is <br />0.00196, and the bed material is gravel with a median grain size, D50, of 57 mm (Table 1). <br />DeBeque Canyon (Stratum 10): DeBeque Canyon begins at RKM 327, about 10 km downstream <br />of DeBeque, and ends upstream of Palisade at RKM 298. DeBeque Canyon is a relatively shallow <br />canyon cut into interbedded shales and sandstones of the Hunter Canyon Formation (Cashion, <br />1973). This reach is more influenced by engineering structures than any other reach in the study <br />area. Interstate highway 70 borders much of the left bank, a rail line borders much of the right <br />bank, and there are three diversion dams within the canyon. Nonetheless, a narrow floodplain is <br />present along one or both banks, thus we classify this reach as quasi-alluvial. The average slope <br />through DeBeque Canyon is 0.0015, the bankfull width is 77 in, the bankfull depth is 3.1 in, and <br />the bed material consists of gravels and cobbles with an average D50 of 52 mm (Table 1). <br />15-mile reach (Stratum 9): The 15-mile reach extends for a distance of 24 km from the town of <br />Palisade (RKM 298) to the confluence of the Gunnison River in Grand Junction (RKM 275). We <br />classify this reach as fully alluvial (Table 1), although in many places the left bank is bounded by <br />Mancos shale. This reach and the adjacent 18-mile reach are in urbanized areas where the channel <br />has been modified to varying degrees by gravel mining operations and bank revetments (levees and <br />rip-rap); however, our field mapping of these reaches indicates that levees and rip-rap form much <br />less of the channel boundary than is commonly thought. Floodplain characteristics and vegetation <br />vary widely in this reach. Dense thickets of tamarisk, Russian olive and willow are common, as are <br />open stands of cottonwood. The average slope of the 15-mile reach is 0.00175, the bankfull width <br />is 134 m, the bankfull depth is 2.5 in, and the bed material consists of gravels and cobbles with an <br />average D50 of 58 mm (Table 1). <br />18-mile reach (Stratum 8): The 18-mile reach extends for 35 km between the confluence of the <br />Gunnison River and the head of Horsethief Canyon, near Loma, CO (RKM 246). This reach <br />possesses many of the same characteristics as the 15-mile reach described above. The average <br />slope of the 18-mile reach is 0.0013, the average bankfull width is 175 in, the average bankfull <br />depth is 3.0 m, and the bed material is gravel and cobbles with a D50 of 52 mm (Table 1). <br />Ruby-Horsethief Canyon (Stratum 7): Horsethief and Ruby Canyons form a continuous quasi- <br />alluvial reach extending from the western edge of the Grand Valley, near RKM 245, to the entrance <br />to Westwater Canyon, near RKM 201. This reach is bounded by resistant sandstones of the <br />Wingate and Entrada formations, and is more incised than the two reaches immediately upstream. <br />However, a small floodplain covered with dense tamarisk shrubs interspersed with mature <br />cottonwood trees is present along most of the reach, even in areas with steep sandstone walls. The <br />average slope of the reach is 0.0010, the bankfull width is 129 in, the bankfull depth is 3.64 in, and <br />the bed material is gravel with a D50 of 47 mm (Table 1). <br />7
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