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7/14/2009 5:02:32 PM
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5/20/2009 10:17:44 AM
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UCREFRP
UCREFRP Catalog Number
8029
Author
Dunsmoor, L.
Title
Laboratory Studies of Fathead Minnow Predation on Catostomid Larvae - Draft.
USFW Year
1993.
USFW - Doc Type
KT-93-01,
Copyright Material
NO
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6 <br />alternate prey. However, mean predation rates in the presence of alternate prey (5-43 %) <br />were markedly lower than those in trial 4 (75-98%), which offered predators no alternate <br />prey (Table 1). <br />In trial six, three tanks were randomly assigned to each of four treatments (three <br />more tanks were used than in trials one-five): high water with cover, high water without <br />cover, low water with cover, and low water without cover. Water depth in 'high water <br />tanks was 27 era, and 15 crn in low water' tanks. Cover provided by emergent vegetation <br />in natural shoreline habitats was simulated in `with covet' treatments. Scirpus stems were <br />collected from Upper Klamath Lake, cut to approximately 60 cm, and wedged into holes <br />in 1/4" hardware cloth to achieve a stem density of approximately 565 stems/m2 (stems <br />were spaced approximately 4 cm apart). These assemblies were lowered into the <br />appropriate tanks with the Scirpus stems hanging down from the hardware cloth so that <br />half of a tank bad Scirpus stems in it and the other half was open water. Scirpus stems <br />were held in place on the tank bottom by sheets of black, 1/2" mesh plastic netting. Each <br />tank was stocked with 20 randomly selected shortnose sucker larvae (14-21 mm standard <br />length), followed by 10 randomly selected fathead minnows without regard to gape <br />width. Trial six ran for 40 hours. <br />A severe outlier (only 2 larvae eaten in a tank in the high water/cover absent <br />treatment) prompted use of a nonparametric two factor ANOVA, performed on ranked <br />percentages of larvae eaten per tank. Null hypotheses of no effect of water depth and <br />cover presence/absence were not rejected (water depth P>0.75; cover 0.10<P<0.25); <br />however, a significant interaction of water depth with cover presence/absence was <br />detected (0.05<P<0.10). Subsequent nonparametric multiple comparisons showed <br />significant differences (P<0.10) in predation rates between low water/cover present and <br />low water/cover absent treatments, while neither of these differed significantly from the <br />high water treatments (Table 2). While power was not estimated for these tests, it was <br />undoubtedly low. <br />As a supplement to the nonparametric analysis, the severe outlier (10% mortality in <br />the high water/cover absent factor combination) was excluded, and a two factor, <br />parametric ANOVA was performed. Mean predation rates still did not differ <br />significantly relative to water depth in tanks (P>0.15), but were significantly lower when <br />cover was present (P<0.06). In addition, there was no significant interaction between <br />water depth and cover (P>0.22).
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