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application levels (EPA 1987). <br />Organotins enter air, soil, and water primarily as a result of routine <br />agricultural, industrial, municipal, and biocidal operations (Table 4). <br />Deposition rates of organotins from air into soils and water are unknown at <br />present, but may be significant around urban and industrialized areas. Total <br />tin concentrations--primarily inorganic tin--in the atmosphere of the northern <br />hemisphere are significantly higher than those in the southern hemisphere and <br />are dominated by anthropogenic sources (Table 5). The most important of these <br />sources seems to be the incineration of municipal wastes, which accounts for <br />most of the tin flux to the atmosphere (Byrd and Andreae 1986a). Riverine <br />fluxes of tin to the oceans vary between 36 and 71 million kg annually, almost <br />all of it in particulate fractions (Byrd and Andreae 1986b). <br />17