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it, <br />Water quantity impacts: <br />1. Irrigation diversions. <br />2. Headwaters storage reservoirs. <br />3. Out of basin diversions to oil shale processing areas. <br />Land-use impacts: <br />1. Intensive grazing, diversion and irrigation. <br />Palisade to Clifton Trend Zone <br />This river reach begins immediately below the Farmer's Canal irrigation <br />diversion structure in Palisade, Colorado. The river's left bank borders the <br />escarpment to East Orchard Mesa throughout all but a few hundred meters of the <br />trend zone (Table 3). Where the river contacts the foot of the escarpment it <br />flows across smooth,consolidated sedimentary rock. Considerable depths were <br />encountered near the left bank at these areas. At all other areas, the substrate <br />was large cobble, sand and mud. Offstream activities were intense, and noted <br />on the trend zone maps. <br />Major backwater areas were noted at B and C. The backwater at B was the <br />result of the construction of a road across the upper portion of a chute <br />channel. The resultant reduction in flow has allowed the establishment of <br />emergent vegetation in the depositional substrate. The backwater at C is <br />a natural side-channel which has been dammed near the downstream end with <br />piles of large cobbles. <br />Major positive habitat attributes: <br />1. Two large backwater areas (at stations B and C) offer- <br />ing large areas of standing water habitat. <br />2. Deep water areas near the foot of East Orchard Mesa <br />escarpment. <br />Major causes for concern: <br />1. Extreme dewatering during low flow years due to effects <br />of Farmer's canal diversions. <br />..