7941

• UCREFRP Catalog Number: 7941
• Author: Johnson, W. W. and M. T. Finley
• Title: Editor
• USFW Year: Series
• USFW - Doc Type: 1980
• Copyright Material: NO

25
SUMMARY OF ACUTE TOXICITY

Test
organism
Wt
(g)
Temp
(C) 96-h LC50
95% CI
(µg/L)
Rainbow trout 0.8 12 32
26-40
Atlantic salmon 0.5 12 96
52-177
Bluegill 0.9 17 240
201-286
DDT
Chemical Name: Dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane
Alternate Names: Anofax, CAS 50-29-3, Chloro=
phenothane, Dedelo, Didimac, ENT-1506, Geritox,
Gesapon, Gesarex, Gesarol, Gyron, Ixodex, Kopsol,
Neocid, Pentachlorin, Rukseam, Zerdane
Principal Use: Insecticide
Sample Description: Technical material, 99%
SUMMARY OF ACUTE TOXICITY
96-h LC50
Test Stage or Temp 95% CI
organism wt (g) (C) (µg/L)
Daphnia magna I1 15 4.78
2.8-5.6
Cypridopsis M 21 158
Asellus M 21 4.0
1.2-6.5
G.lacustris M 21 1.0
0.7-1.5
Palaemonetes M 21 2.3
1.3-4.9
Orconectes J 21 0.18b
0.12-0.30
Pteronarcys YC2 15 7.0
4.9-9.9
Isoperla J 15 1.2
0.3-4.9
Pentaneura J 21 1.5
Chaoborus 1 15 7.4
96-h LC50
Test Stage or Temp 95% Cl
organism wt (g) (C) (1&g2)

Coho salmon 1.0 13 4.0
3.0-6.0
Rainbow trout 1.0 13 8.7
6.8-11.4
Northern pike 0.7 18 2.7
Fathead minnow 1.2 18 12.2
10.0.15.4
Black bullhead 1.2 18 4.8
3.4-6.8
Channel catfish 1.5 18 21.5
17.7-26.1
Bluegill 1.5 18 8.6
6.2-12.0
Largemouth bass 0.8 18 1.5
0.9-2.4
Yellow perch 1.4 18 9.0
7.0-11.0
Walleye 1.4 18 2.9
2.4-3.5
848-h EC50.
bTested in well water.
NOTE: The p,p'-isomer appears to be more toxic than
the op-isomer to invertebrates. DDE is one of the
primary metabolites of DDT in invertebrates and pro-
duces biological effects similar to those of the parent
compound. DDT rapidly accumulates in invertebrates
to several thousand times the exposure level in concen-
trations as low as 80 ng/L. The residue half-life was
7 days in Daphnia. A 60% reproductive impairment
was observed in Daphnia at 100 µg/L. The 96-h LC50
for 19 species of fish ranged from 1.8 to 22 µg/L. Tox-
icity to bluegills increased slightly when temperatures
were increased from 7 ° to 29 °C. No difference in tox-
icity was noted between hard and soft water. Con-
tinuous exposures for as long as 30 days produced
TILC50's of 0.6 µglL for channel catfish and 0.04 µg/L
for bluegills. Cumulative toxicity indices were 90 for
channel catfish and 215 for bluegills, indicating a high
level of accumulative action. Although isomers tested
were toxic to rainbow trout sac fry, the more polar
compounds appeared more toxic than the less polar
ones. DDT detrimentally altered several physiological
characteristics, including normal ratios of serum
amino acids, thyroid activity, and the ability to with-