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aggregation of species that were abundant <br />either at many sites or only at one or a few <br />sites. Locally or widely abundant fish <br />species in cluster 1 included longnose dace, <br />brown trout, brook trout, white sucker, Rio <br />Grande sucker, Rio Grande cutthroat trout, <br />and flathead chub. <br />Cluster 2 was indicative of moderately <br />.abundant fish species. This ohrster included <br />cutthroat trout hybrids, rainbow trout, <br />fathead minnow, and Rio Grande chub. <br />The third cluster contained species that were <br />represented by few specimens at any site, <br />i.e., green sunfish, white crappie, <br />Carosromus hybrids, kokanee salmon, <br />channel catfish, river carpsucker, common <br />carp, mosquitofish, and red shiner. <br />Species-Environment Relations <br />Fsh <br />Species-environment relations were <br />examined using CCA and DCCA. These <br />procedures are multivariate techniques that <br />combine ordination and multiple regression <br />in an iterative fashion. The results of CCA <br />on ranked relative abundance data for fish is <br />shown in the biplot in Figure 17 for the first <br />two canonical axes. These two axes <br />explained abort 47% of the <br />species-environment variation. The biplot <br />from CCA corroborates the finding in <br />principal components analysis that <br />elevation, and variables that vary inversely <br />with elevation, are the most important <br />environmental variables. Further, it <br />reinforces the finding of significant <br />association between in distances between <br />sites based on environmental factor scores <br />White sucker-Rio Grande sucker hybrids. <br />and distances based on fish <br />presence/absence data (Box 2). Because of <br />the way that axes are scaled, only the most <br />important axes of environmental variation <br />are shown in the biplot. All species except <br />Rio Grande cutthroat trout, cutthroat trout <br />hybrids, and brook trout were ordinated <br />near the origin of the biplot and most were <br />not shown, or labeled, on the biplot. <br />Detrended CCA (DCCA) provided a more <br />interpretable picture of species-environment <br />relations (Figure 18) even though the first <br />two axes accounted for only 25 % of the <br />species-environment variance. In DCCA, <br />axes are resealed so that the variation is <br />spread out in the biplot. Most of the <br />variation in the DCCA biplot is in the <br />X-axis direction, which can be construed: to <br />be most closely related to elevation. Fish <br />species are arrayed in the biplot, from left <br />to right, as high elevation species to low <br />elevation species. Dotted lines are <br />superimposed on the biplot to show three <br />presumptive associations of fish species that <br />are consistent approximately with the <br />associations obtained with cluster analysis <br />of presence/absence data (Figure 15). The <br />left-most getup of fish species is the high <br />altitude assemblage, the middle group is the <br />trout stream assemblage, and the right-most <br />group is a combination of the remaining <br />three associations identified with cluster <br />analysis, i.e., reservoir fishes, large river <br />fishes, and warmer water fishes <br />An interesting observation is suggested by <br />the DCCA biplot. First, white sucker ("Cat <br />com" in Figure 18) and Catostomus <br />hybrids' ("Cat hyb") are at the lower left of <br />the "trout stream assemblage" (middle <br />species group in Figure 18) while Rio <br /> <br />17