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Table 4. Estimated releases of anadromous salmonids from private California projects (permit -and contract categories) during 1989. Fall Chinook Coho Winter Steelhead Cutthroat Rearing Independent production 186,350 77,225 76,310 500 Eggs from CDFG 163,000 - 13,999 - Ocean Pen-rearing 51,082 - - - Natal stocks Yearlings 246,189 188,956 247,780 14,000 Smolts 479,712 - - - TOTALS 1,126,333 266,181 338,089 .14,500 Natal stocks releases are progeny of broodstock taken from natural populations. A late fall Chinook population occurs in the upper Sacramento River and is propagated at Coleman NFH. This late fall population may be declining in abundance. Coho Coho salmon utilize coastal streams for spawning. They are native to the Russian, Klamath, and Eel Rivers, and other coastal streams. In contrast to the known historical status and distribution, the present wild populations are remnant. The status of some stocks are uncertain. Coho are propagated by CDFG and private groups. Federal agencies and Indian Nations are not propagating Coho salmon in California. In recent years, CDFG has annually released about 1 million Coho yearlings into state waters. The CDFG operates the Noyo River Egg Collection Station on the South Fork Noyo River. Eggs taken from this station have been used to supplement or reestablish Coho runs to other coastal waters. Prairie Creek Fish Hatchery (PCFH) releases about 100,000 Coho annually and represents the largest level of production from anon-CDFG agency. Recent adult return rates to PCFH for Coho salmon was 3 percent.3 The city of Arcata rears Coho salmon and Steelhead in a wastewater marsh aquaculture project. The yearlings are then 3Steve Sanders, Humboldt County, Orick, California, pers. comm., February, 1990. 19