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supplement with smolts, where appropriate. The Columbia Basin states are considering supplementing more with sub-smolts -- fry and fingerling. This can be explained to some extent by the intent of supplementation. In the Columbia River Basin, much of the supplementation effort is intended to enhance wild/natural runs. The emphasis in Alaska is to produce more adults for "harvest augmentation" while protecting wild stocks. In Alaska, they are trying to separate hatchery introductions from wild populations by time of return and release locations. Columbia Basin supplementation managers are trying to match hatchery production with the environmental constraints of wild/natural populations. We included 316 projects in our review of the unpublished and ongoing supplementation (Appendix A). Of this number, 26 were supplementation, as defined on page 1. Twenty-five of the 26 supplementation projects we reviewed were considered successful by the principal investigator. Eighteen of the 26 projects were quantitatively evaluated. Of the 18, 14 are ongoing and four are supplementation evaluation studies. We found no evaluated projects that had rebuilt wild/natural runs to self-sustaining levels. Oregon Background Oregon waters support natural populations of Chinook, coho, sockeye, chum salmon, steelhead and cutthroat trout. Anadromous waters encompass 50 river and lake .systems in coastal systems or tributaries flowing into the Columbia River (Anon. 1982x). There is a small run of introduced sockeye in the Willamette River and a small run of natural chum in Tillamook Bay. Artificial production of anadromous fish began in 1877 on the Clackamas and Rogue Rivers (Anon. 1982x). There are currently 34 state fish hatcheries and 3 or 4 private anadromous hatcheries ("ocean ranchers") operating in the state. The State hatcheries produced a total of 75 million fish in release year 1988 (Table 1). Table 1. Oregon's 19$8 State hatchery releases of anadromous salmonids (excluding STEP}. Summer Winter Steelhead Steelhead Coho Spring Chinook Fall Chinook 3,906,110 3,186,256 12,674,01$ 'Primarily Columbia River releases. 11,743,330 43,395,333# 4