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PREFACE <br />The nation's waterways provided the primary transportation routes for the <br />historic westward expansion of the United States. Subsequent settlement and <br />growth continued along waterways which were increasingly utilized for: the <br />generation of power; agricultural, domestic and industrial water supply; <br />transportation; waste disposal; and recreational and commercial fisheries. <br />However the establishment of permanent settlements required protection from <br />floods and the development of stable, dependable water flows. Thus began the <br />development, or alteration, of streams and rivers; activities which continue <br />today. <br />Realizing that the nation's inland waterways are being subjected to increasing <br />demands and conflicting uses, the United States Congress directed the U. S. <br />Fish and Wildlife Service to determine the effect of stream alterations on <br />fish and wildlife resources. In 1973, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service <br />initiated a research program to determine the effect of stream channelization <br />on fishery resources, with field studies conducted in 18 states. This report <br />summarizes a study conducted by the Utah Cooperative Fishery Research Unit on <br />two valley bottom streams in the Cache Valley of northern Utah. A companion <br />publication, FWS/OBS-80/14, Effects of Alterations to Low Gradient Reaches of <br />Utah Streams provides a complete technical report, with supporting data, of <br />this investigation. <br />Suggestions, questions, and requests for copies of FWS/OBS-80/13 or 80/14 <br />should be addressed to: <br />Information Transfer Specialist <br />U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service <br />Eastern Energy and Land Use Team <br />Route 3, Box 44 <br />Kearneysville, West Virginia 25430 <br />iii