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<br />1 <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />1 <br /> <br />1 <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />1. A genetic refuge (e.g:,in Lake Mohave, Lake Havasu, or other <br />suitable locations) is maintained over a 3-year period beyond <br />downlisting. <br />2. Two self-sustaining populations (e.g., mainstem and/or <br />tributaries are maintained over a 3-year period beyond <br />downlisting, starting with the first point estimate acceptable to <br />the Service, such that for each population: <br />a. The trend in adult (age 4+; >250 mm TL) point estimates <br />does not decline significantly, and <br />b. Mean estimated recruitment of age-3 (150-249 mm TL) <br />naturally produced fish equals or exceeds mean annual <br />adult mortality, and <br />c. Each point estimate exceeds 4,400 adults (MVP). <br />Four self-sustaining populations (minimum viable population <br />of 4,400 adults); two in the upper basin and two in the lower <br />basin. <br />Management Strategies: These Recovery Goals will be met <br />through the use of Strategy 1: Augmentation. <br />Colorado Pikeminnow <br />Current Status and Recovery Efforts: Wild Colorado pikeminnow are <br />extirpated from the lower basin. This species occurred in large numbers <br />in the lower river prior to its development for power generation and the <br />introduction of nonnative fishes (Mueller and Marsh 2003). Colorado <br />pikeminnow have been reintroduced to the Salt and Verde rivers as <br />experimental non-essential populations, or 100) populations. In amending <br />the Endangered Species Act in 1982, Congress added section 106) to <br />provide administrative flexibility for selectively applying the prohibitions of <br />the Act to experimental populations of listed species. This section <br />authorizes the treatment of an experimental population as "threatened" <br />even though the donor population from which the experimental population <br />came is listed as endangered. Treatment of the experimental population <br />as threatened enables the use of less restrictive taking prohibitions under <br />the authority of section 4(d) of the Act. Experimental populations that <br />have been determined to be non-essential to the continued existence of a <br />species in the wild and are not located within a unit of the National Park <br />22 <br />