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<br />Table 4. Specifications and estimated costs for equipment necessary to implement an <br />invertebrate monitoring program. <br /> Area sampled Sampler mesh <br />Sampler (m2) (urn) Habitat sampled Approximate cost <br />Hess 0.086 250 riffles, cobble $600.00 <br /> bars <br />Dip net 800 all $100.00 <br />Corer 0.0002 eddy, backwater $300.00 <br />Petite 0.016 backwater, pool $450.00 <br />Ponar <br />Peterson 0.093 backwater, pool $500.00 <br />Grab <br />T sampler 0.023 250 aquatic plants $200.00 <br />Plankton 0.013 80 backwater, run, 225.00 <br />net pool <br /> <br />however, based on experience on these rivers, habitats should initially be sampled using the <br />devices listed in Table 4. Riffles and cobble bars should be sampled using a Hess net with a <br />closed top. Main channel and pool habitats should be sampled with grab samplers. Eddies <br />and backwaters should be sampled using core and grab samplers. A minimum of 6 samples <br />should be collected from throughout each major habitat type within each reach and <br />composited. Samples from different habitat types or different reaches should always be kept <br />separate. <br /> <br />Qualitative samples should be collected to provide additional data on less abundant taxa. <br />Qualitative samples should be collected with a kick or sweep net and by inspecting individual <br />rocks and twigs for rarer taxa. Adult aquatic insects encountered during a site visit should <br />also be collected. All samples should be preserved in 95% ethanol or Kahle's solution (28% <br />formalin + 28% ethanol + 2% acetic acid + 59% water). Sample bottles should be labeled <br />both inside and out. Inside labels should be written in pencil on water proof paper. Outside <br />labels should be written in pencil on masking tape or directly on the bottle with an alcohol <br />proof pen. <br /> <br />Periphyton <br /> <br />Periphyton production should be estimated in cobble habitats using periphyton scrapes <br />from approximately Dso sized rocks. Periphyton should be collected by isolating a small area <br />with a rubber-gasketed template and scraping it with a X-acto #17 knife blade (Angradi and <br /> <br />7 <br />