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<br />classes were collected in the lower 80 Ian of the Green River (River Kilometer [RK] 0-80), and data <br />for the 1989-94 year classes were collected in the lower 193 km of the Green River (RK 0-193). <br /> <br />Sampling methodology was similar to that described in the ISMP (U.S. Fish and Wildlife <br />Service 1987, 1994). Two backwaters (i.e., "primary" - first encountered; "secondary" - second <br />encountered) were sampled every 8 km within each sample reach using beach seines, 4.6 m long by <br />1.2 m deep with 3.2 mm ace mesh. Two seine hauls were taken at each backwater and the fish in <br />each haul were counted. All endangered fish were measured to total length (TL) and released. Some <br />samples were preserved and the fish identified and enumerated at the Larval Fish Laboratory <br />(Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado) to evaluate the accuracy offield counts. Depths <br />and dimensions of each backwater and seine haul were recorded. Water depth and temperature were <br />recorded at all seine haul locations. Catch,.per-effort (CPUE), as number of fish per 100 m2, was <br />computed for each seine haul. Efforts to enumerate backwaters with aerial photography and ground <br />census during the fall and spring sampling periods were abandoned because of variability in flow <br />that flooded or desiccated some backwaters and created others during a given sample period. <br />I nstead, average backwater depth was recorded for every backwater sampled in Reach 3 during 1987- <br />92. and pooled geometric mean CPUE for fall and spring were compared for backwaters with <br />average depths <30 cm, 30-60 em, 60-90 em, 90-120 em, and> 120 em. <br /> <br />Catch- Per-U nit-Effort <br /> <br />Geometric mean CPUE was used to compare densities of age-O Colorado pikeminnow. <br />Geometric mean involves a log transformation ofCPUE's, primarily because catch data for Colorado <br />pikeminnow in backwaters are not normally distributed. The geometric mean calculation method <br />lIsed was as follows: CPUE for age-O Colorado pikeminnow w~ computed for each seine haul <br />(number of age-Oil 00 m2). A '1' was added to the CPUE of each seine haul to account for zero <br />catches. This adjusted CPUE was transformed to a natural logarithm. The transformed values were <br />averaged by reach and year, and the antilog of the average minus '1 'yielded the geometric mean.. <br /> <br />Standard deviation was computed from log-transformed values and the antilog taken to <br />provide bounds around the geometric mean. The advantage of the geometric mean is that it <br />considers non-normally distributed data and reduces variation by making the variance independent <br />of the mean, allowing application of standard parametric statistics to comparative analyses. <br />However, log transformations tend to weight higher CPUE's less. The computation is expressed as <br />follows (Sokal and Rohlf 1987): <br /> <br />GMcPE = antilog [(Vn) ~ In (CPE + 1)] - 1 <br /> <br />where: GMCPE <br />CPE <br /> <br />= <br /> <br />geometric mean catch per effort, <br />catch per effort of age-O pikeminnow (age-Oil 00 m2), and <br />total number of seine hauls (with and without target fish). <br /> <br />n <br /> <br />= <br /> <br />5 <br />