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Last modified
7/14/2009 5:02:35 PM
Creation date
5/17/2009 11:15:01 PM
Metadata
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Template:
UCREFRP
UCREFRP Catalog Number
9391
Author
Watts, G., W. R. Noonan, H. R. Maddux and D. S. Brookshire.
Title
The Endangered Species Act and Critical Habitat Designation
USFW Year
1997.
USFW - Doc Type
An Integrated Biological and Economic Approach.
Copyright Material
NO
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<br />timing of critical habitat designation relative to listing. <br /> <br />In the Colorado River case, there was a substantial lag between listing the fish as endangered and <br />designating critical habitat (ranging from 26 years for the Colorado squawfish and humpback <br />chub to two years for the razorback sucker). As a result, most of the recovery plans for the fish <br />that generate impacts were either already prepared or in the planning stage before critical habitat <br />was designated.16 For this reason, only 10 percent of all combined impacts associated with <br />resource reallocations for the fish were attributed to critical habitat. In the Virgin River study, <br />however, the relatively close concurrence of listing and critical habitat designation led to <br />assigning 50 percent of combined impacts to each cause. <br /> <br />VI. Virgin River and Colorado River 1-0 Sub-regional and Regional Impacts <br /> <br />For the Virgin study there are two classes of direct impacts that arise from actions taken on <br />behalf of the fishes. The first class concerns impacts that are due to the conversion of water use <br />from agriculture to municipal and industrial uses. Such conversion will occur in the absence of <br />actions taken on behalf of the fish. However, the changes in the river flows necessary for <br />recovery of the fish will change the timing of the conversion of the agriculture water. Sets of <br />agriculture templates were developed and used to calculate the output changes that would result <br />from changes in the amount of irrigation water allocated to agriculture. These output changes <br />were entered directly into the 1-0 model in the manner of mixed exogenous-endogenous models <br />(or supply side and demand side models). Thus, the quantity of output for each of the affected <br />agriculture sectors was changed directly to reflect the particular scenario being investigated. <br /> <br />The second class of direct impacts arise from changes in the demands for goods and services <br />stemming from actions taken on behalf of the fishes. The changes in the river flows required for <br /> <br />16 At the time that each of the four Colorado fishes were listed, the Service reported that their habitat needs <br />were not determinable. Critical habitat designations were undertaken later as the result of a lawsuit filed by <br />environmental groups. <br /> <br />24 <br />
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