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<br />modification of habitat of such species " Other significant changes of the <br />1973 act included Section 4 that provided for the listing of threatened species <br />so that steps can be taken to forestall their status from becoming endangered, <br />Section 6 that encourages cooperation with the States in conservation of any <br />threatened or endangered species, and Section 9 that prohibits the taking <br />(includes activities from harassment to capture) of listed species without <br />proper Federal and State collector's permits. <br /> <br />The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 and the Endangered Species <br />Act of 1973 have provided the major mandates for expanding work on the <br />endangered fishes in the Upper Colorado River Basin. <br /> <br />Early Aquatic Studies of the Upper Colorado River <br /> <br />The earliest studies of the biota of the Upper Colorado River Basin were <br />done independently to answer various environmental questions such as water <br />quality (Sigler et ale 1966; Tsivoglov et al. 1959) or effects of alterations <br />in water quality and streamflow on game fish (Coon 1965; Powell 1958; Weber <br />1959). <br /> <br />In the early 1960's, the U.S. Department of the Interior began to make an <br />inventory of rare species. The Red Book of Endangered Wildlife was published <br />in 1964. The only species from the Colorado River that was listed in this <br />publication was the humpback chub. <br /> <br />In March, 1963, the Secretary of the Department of the Interior requested <br /> <br />9 <br />