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Indicator 2. Channel Shading ccncl S'olu~ ExposuNe. <br />Select three random but representative points along the entire study reach that are not visible <br />from each other and visually estimate the amount of shading over the water surface. If appropri- <br />ate, these may be the same sites used for mesaurements of cobble embeddedness and floodplain <br />connection and inundation. Shading can be the result of the landscape (e.g., cliff or canyon <br />walls), or vegetation (e.g., trees and shn~bs). Estimate the percent of stream shading witlun <br />view both upstream and downstream of each observation point, and average those amounts. <br />Record the time of day when this assessment is made (closest to mid-day is best). See examples <br />Photo 3: Channel Shading and Solar Exposure, <br />(Indicator 2). A section of Calf Creels, near <br />Escalante, Utah, that is heavily shaded at noon b_v <br />oti°erhanging vegetation. Just upstream from the <br />location where this picture was taken, the plant <br />cover is so thick that almost no direct sunlight <br />reaches the surface of the stream. This t~~pe of <br />cover is veiti~ effective in keeping water tempera- <br />tures in the stream low. If the entire shid~~ reach <br />resembles this photo, it ~~-~ould receive a score of ~. <br />Photo by Peter S'tcrcev. <br />Photo ~: Channel Shading and Solar Exposure, <br />(Indicator 2). Willis Creels, near Cannonville. Utah. <br />The creek here is wide and shallow, and has almost <br />no shading from overhanging vegetation or from <br />canyon walls. As a result. water temperatures vans <br />widely tluoughout the da~~, and can become veiti- <br />warm in the afternoon. Willis Creek is located <br />about 4~ miles from Calf Creek (shown in Photo <br />3), and it carries about the same amount of water <br />for much of the ~-ear. If the entire sh~d~~ reach <br />resembles this photo, it would receive a score of 1. <br />Photo by Peter,S'tcrcev. <br />16 <br />in Photos 3 and 4. <br />