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Last modified
7/28/2009 2:42:09 PM
Creation date
4/30/2008 2:44:24 PM
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Template:
Weather Modification
Contract/Permit #
14-06-D-7052
Title
Ecological Impacts of Snowpack Augmentation in the San Juan Mountains, Colorado
Date
3/1/1976
State
CO
Weather Modification - Doc Type
Report
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<br />a relationship between increased December precipi- <br />tation and increased tree growth the following <br />growing season. <br /> <br />However, the investigators are aware of some statis- <br />tical parameters which influence any interpretation <br />based on this system. The partial correlation <br />coefficients in any regression have standard errors <br />of varying magnitudes. For variables with high <br />explanation the standard error is relatively low. <br />But as new variables are entered into the regression <br />the overall explanation may increase but the standard <br />error also increases. For example, in the regression <br />with Pagosa Springs climatic data when all 33 <br />variables were entered, 99 percent of the growth <br />variance was accounted fo~ but only the four listed <br />above were valid at the 0.95 level of significance. <br />The reason relates to the standard error. Eventu- <br />ally, as more variables are entered, the standard <br />error is larger than the coefficient itself and the <br />error margin becomes too large. If fewer variables <br />are used in an attempt to maintain low standard <br />errors the overall percentage of explained variance <br />is also reduced. Since these correlations are used <br />in a prediction model, prediction would also be <br />restricted. The question now is whether or not <br />the predicted range of growth will be narrow <br />enough to provide a framework for interpretation. <br /> <br />-Stepwise Regression Analysis <br /> <br />Stepwise regression analysis for ring width pre- <br />diction were run using two sets of seasonal tempera- <br />ture and precipitation data for Durango. The <br />seasonal aggregation of the monthly dates are shown <br />below. These groupings were defined so as to <br />achieve coherence with regard to the biological <br />processes of the tree growth in the San Juan' area. <br /> <br />Set 1 <br /> <br />Set 2 <br /> <br />Summer <br />(prior) <br /> <br />[July <br />August <br />september] <br />October <br /> <br /> <br />~ovember <br />December <br />January <br />February] <br />~MarCh <br />April <br /> <br />May ] <br />June <br /> <br /> <br />~JUlY <br />August <br />September <br />October <br /> <br />Spring-Summer <br /> <br />Fall <br />(prior) <br /> <br />Winter <br />(prior) <br /> <br />Winter-Spring <br /> <br />Spring <br /> <br />Summer <br /> <br />Winter or winter-spring precipitation was the first <br />variable entered in five of the six analyses using <br />SJS-1 or SJS-2 data. Spring precipitation came <br />first in the sixth case. These results are in agree- <br />ment with results of the preliminary analysis as <br />well as with the findings of Fritts in Arizona and <br />Colorado. A similar growth response has been noted <br />by Landis and Mogren (this vol. p.39l). Inter- <br />relationships of climatic variables have also been <br />noted by Evans and Reid (this vol. p.403). <br /> <br />The SJS-3 data did not show a similar regression <br />relationship and apparently is not well suited for <br />climatic inference. Table 5 presents the stepwise <br />multiple regression equations developed for the <br />three study sites using the Durango climatological <br />data. <br /> <br />Table 5. Stepwise multiple regression coefficients used in prediction equations <br />Site a Var b Var c Var d Var e Var C Stand. <br /> Error <br /> summer summer <br /> spring prior prior winter winter <br />SJS-1 +.0392 precip -.0161 precip -.0327 temp +.0209 precip +.0192 temp 2.57 0.32 <br /> summer <br /> winter spring prior spring <br />SJS-2 +.0537 precip +.0508 precip -.0524 temp +.0295 temp X X 2.44 0.49 <br /> summer <br /> summer prior winter winter <br />SJS-3 -.4638 temp -.2313 temp -.0891 temp +.0726 precip X X 45.99 1.58 <br /> Equation for above coefficients: <br /> Annual tree-ring width z a (xa) + b (xb) + .. . + e (xe) + C (1) <br /> Where: a, b, .. ., e are stepwise regression coefficients <br /> x a' xb' ... , x are the climatic variables for the growth year <br /> e <br /> C is a constant <br /> <br />75 <br />
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