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<br />the intensity of low-level convergence controlled the convective <br />intensity and amount of rainfall. These results suggest that dynamic <br />seeding of weakly sheared clouds may have greater potential than <br />those in an intensely sheared environment where natural development <br />is maintained. Other analyses showed the complexity of cloud- <br />environmental interactions and the relative importance of meso- <br />pressure gradients, locations of updraft/downdraft couplets and <br />horizontal momentum transfer on storm dynamics. The need for three- <br />dimensional meso-p and meso-Y models was cle~rly shown in these <br />simulations. <br /> <br />Chow and Orville (1980) have shown the effect of mesoscale <br />convergence on the initiation of convective clouds in his two- <br />dimensional time-dependent model. Convergence of 10-4/s produced <br />lifting which was required to initiate deep convection in simulations <br />using HIPLEX soundings. Vertical motion weakened temperature <br />inversions and provided moisture. These results suggest the need for <br />observations of the mesoscale convergence field 3-6 hours in advance <br />of cloud development. <br /> <br />Soong and Tao (1980) studied the effect of mesoscale lifting in <br />tropical Global Atmospheric Research Program (GARP) Atlantic Tropical <br />Experiment (GATE) cases using a two-dimensional cloud ensemble model <br />developed by Soong and Ogura (1973). Their experiments showed that <br />different magnitudes of mesoscale lifting generated clouds of differ- <br />ent sizes and produced different vertical profiles of cloud heating <br />and moistening. <br /> <br />24 <br />