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<br />558 <br /> <br />IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE <br /> <br />the IN concentrations estimated from the tracer gas observations. Direct observations <br />of ice particle concentrations associated with the AgI need to be examined. Such <br />measurements were made but have yet to be analyzed. 2'..:,. ~ <br /> <br />Summary and Conclusions <br /> <br />s,*, 1$ (!}-tl. <br />:r-~ <br /> <br />Although both AgI and tracer gas were observed on and well above the Plateau, <br />measured and estimated IN concentrations were probably too low for effective cloud <br />seeding with the possible exception of the highest, coldest cloud turrets. The <br />observations from this case study support that assertion. While the SL W amounts and <br />temperatures were typical of many Utah winter storm periods, Plateau snowfall was <br />very light and intermittent in spite of the AgI being well-mixed though the clouds. <br />It is recommended that seeding rates be significantly increased in the Utah <br />operational program and an AgI complex with greater warm temperature effectiveness <br />be used. Also recommended are further investigations of targeting under a wide range <br />of storm conditions to include observations of ice crystal concentrations caused by <br />seeding. <br /> <br />Acknowledgments <br /> <br />This research was primarily supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric <br />Administration with additional support from the Bureau of Reclamation and the Utah <br />Division of Water Resources. <br /> <br />References <br /> <br />Benner, R.L. and B. Lamb, 1985: A fast response continuous analyzer for halogenated <br />atmospheric tracers. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 2, 582-589. <br />Griffith, D.A., J.R. Thompson and D.A. Risch. 1991: A winter cloud seeding program in Utah. <br />J. Weather Mod., 23, 27-34. <br />Hogg, D.C., F.O. Guiraud, J.B. Snider, M.T. Decker and E.R. Westwater, 1983: A steerable <br />dual-channel microwave radiometer for measurement of water vapor and liquid in the <br />troposphere. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 22, 789-806. <br />Langer, G.. 1973: Evaluation of NCAR ice nucleus counter. Part 1: Basic operation. 1. Appl. <br />Meteor.. 12, 1000-1011. <br />Super, A.B. and A.W. Huggins, 1992: Investigations of the targeting of ground-released <br />silver iodide in Utah. Part I: Silver-in-snow measurements and ground ice nucleus <br />observations. J. Weather Mod., 24, submitted. <br />Super, A.B. and A.W. Huggins, 1992: Investigations of the targeting of ground-released <br />silver iodide in Utah. Part II: Aircraft observations. J. Weather Mod.. 24, submitted. <br />Young, K.C, 1974: A numerical simulation of wintertime, orographic precipitation: Part II. <br />Comparison of natural and Agl-seeded conditions. J. Atmos. Sci., 31,1749-1767. <br />