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<br />- <br /> <br />REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE I ,~- <br /> Ql.fBM1_0104.()I5lJ <br />Pwk:~~b,..CIClItcorlnol"'~.-.-lIo.~tr.o...~_t'lI:IIo.ding"_"~""'UClICnI.~''''InQ''''I'_,\)oI.......-g_''''~ <br />.....,.l.I~_rd~_..-ftQN_oI........1Ion. s....a~"'O'I'OtlQ~b\It......._ltICtUl1_."*"oI,...QOIIocbOt\ol...!orrNI_.R;lud;nQ~""'. <br />""fW<lua:l9l/'1i1llOr~IOW'~HNdQuII...~o.r.:.Ct'I8Ior~~":,,o-.loCN_~'2'5_torIo.""Hf1'_r.s.....I20._MngIotlVAJ22'tlIl'4302._1lI'" <br />OIl.. 0<1 Maroo at>d fI p, R"'~cton I0704-Qll51l!. W.~ tIC:I05O) <br />1. AGENCY USE ONLY (IN''''' 81lmk) 2. REPORT DATE ! 3. A!;PORT TYPE AND DAlES COVERED <br /> June 1997 Annual <br />4. mLE AND SUBTlne 5. FUNDING NUMBERS <br />Snow Accumulation Algorithm <br />for the WSR-8bD R..dar: PR <br />Second Annuill Reoort <br />6. AUTHOR(S) <br />Arlin B. SUDer and Edmond W. Holrovd. III <br />7_ PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAM~S) AND ADDRESS(E!:.I 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION <br />Bureau of ReclamatJon REPORT NUMBER <br />Techmcal $en'ice Cenler R-97-05 <br />Denw:r CO 80:!25 <br />9. SPDNSORINGlMONITORING AGENCY NAME(5) AND ADDRESS(ESI 10. SPONSQRINGfMONITORING <br />Bureau of Reclamation AGENCY REPORT NUMBER <br />Denver Federal Center DlBR <br />PO BOl 25007 <br />Iknver CO 80225-0007 <br />11. SUPPLEMENT .lRY NOTES <br />Hard COP) available at the Technical Service Crnler. Dcnvt'r. Colorado <br />128. D1STRIBUTIOWAVAILABlUTY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE <br />Available from the National Technical Information Service. <br />O~rations Division. 5285 Port Royal Road. Springfield. Virginia 22161 <br />13. ABSTRACT (tofu/mum 200 words) <br />This Bureau of Rt'c1amation report describes rhe second year of SAA (snow accumulation algorithm) development for the <br />l\'E..XRAD radar. An optimization technique applied to 1995.96 winter observations determmed reflectivity-snowfall relationships <br />for Alhany. Clc\'eland. and Denver. These relationships .....ere similar for Albany and Denver, blll Cleveland snowfalls produced <br />higher reflectivities. AlllOC;ttions had an optimized e\ponent of 2.0 in the power law. <br />The SAA produced rea.<ionable estmmtes of storm-total snow \'IDter equi\'alent for all three areas. highly associated with surface <br />ob~T\'ations. Meaiurement<i In five other climatic regions during the 191)6-97 ",-inler have yet to be analYled. <br />Significant range underestimation was found with Cleveland Jake effect storms beyond 70 km. Range underestimation .....as less <br />.....ith deeper synopllc storms. <br />Procedures wcrc dcveloped for re<ll-time snow depth estimatIOn after review of fresh snow density observations. Use of nearest <br />neighbor ranie bin_~ is sho\>,1l to provide supcnor sno",-fall estimates compared to an advection scheme or use of rllng~ bin arrays. <br />The SAA was successfull)' tested in real-time during the 1996-97 winter at Cle\"Cland and Minneapolis. CUSlOmil.c.d hybrid scaM <br />....-ere reqUired to minimize discontinuities. <br />Recommended SAA improvements mclude identifi:<llion of bright band contammation and a range correction scheme using the <br />,'ertical profilc ot' reflectlvitv. <br />14. SUBJECT TERMS- -radar! NEXRAD! WSR.88D! snow! snow density! sno....falV precipitation 15. NUMBER OF PAG~ <br /> 79 <br /> 16. PRICE COOE <br />17. SECURrTY CLASSIFICATION 18. SECURrTY CLASSIFICATION 19. SECURITY CLASSIACATION 20. UMITATION OF ABSTRACT <br />OF REPORT OF THIS PAGE OF ABSTRACT <br />UL UL UL UL <br /> <br />NSN7S4().()1.21lO-5SOO <br /> <br />Stalldllrd Form 298 (Rev. 2-89) <br />PNec;r1_by.NSlS'd.2~"1' <br />2H-l02 <br />