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<br />i <br /> <br />- 518 - <br /> <br />or on components tightly linked with them. The precipitation/temperature climogram, <br />Fig. I, shows clear graphic separation between dissimilar environments such as tropical <br /> <br />u <br />o <br /> <br />w <br />a:: <br />::;) <br />~ <br /><l: <br />a:: <br />w <br />Q. <br />~ <br />W <br />~ <br /> <br />Z <br /><l: <br />w <br />~ <br /> <br />30 <br /> <br />. KHAR/OUM <br /> <br />~ I <br />I <br />PHOE N IX <br />a:. I <br />ATHENS' Q <br />LOS ANGEL E S / ;V- <br />I OKLA. CITY <br />W I DODGE CITY DAYTON <br />DENVER. OMAHA. SHEMULPO <br />.1 Q. /. QJ. At. KOREA . <br />RENO NO PLATTE PEORIA CALAVERAS ~ <br />. BIG TREE <br />C/) I I / MONTREAL <br />/ W /. 'if IMOSCOW. <br />ICALGARY / <br />W '0/ <br />I,... I I. <br />I MOOSE FACTORY <br />Ol I <br />I ;~/ PIKES PEAK. _ _ -- <br /> <br />. <br />SAIGON <br /> <br />COLON <br />4' <br /> <br />20 <br /> <br />PORT MORESBY I <br />/ . <br />/ . KEY WESjT/ <br />SAN 'if <br />WANTON 10 SHA~GHAI <br />· ~ /.. NEW ORLEANS <br />/ . FT. WO~TH NORFOLK <br />I . LITTLE ROCK <br /> <br />~ <br /> <br />CHERRtlPUNJI <br />-----_.~ <br />(". 5 m) <br /> <br />~ <br /> <br />o <br /> <br />10 <br /> <br />~ <br /> <br />~ INSKIP LAKE <br />PRINCE RUPE RT <br />. <br /> <br />ISOLErA. <br />EVANGE ICA I <br />CHILE <br /> <br />. <br />JUNEAU <br /> <br />--- <br /> <br />-- <br /> <br />--' <br /> <br />-- <br /> <br />o <br /> <br />-- <br /> <br />-- <br /> <br />-- <br /> <br />. SANTIS <br />\ <br /> <br />\... <br /> <br />-- <br /> <br />p. <br /> <br />- <br /> <br />-- <br /> <br />-- <br />-' <br />- . <br />SONN BL IC K <br /> <br />c <br /> <br />p.. <br /> <br />-.L <br /> <br />G <br /> <br />\... <br /> <br />'-10 <br /> <br />o <br /> <br />2 <br /> <br />3 <br /> <br />. POINT BARROW <br /> <br />ANNUAL PRECIPITATION, m <br /> <br />Fig. 1 - Climogram of annual mean precipitations and temperatures <br /> <br />rain-forest, snow-forest, steppe, sabana, and desert. Similar environments.. even though <br />widely separated geographically, come close together on the climogram. Other climograms, <br />such as Fig. 2, can be used to illustrate other climatically important differences or <br />similarities. When selecting a homoclime for <br />study of precipitation effects, it is of <br />course desirable that it should match the <br />seasonal march and variability of precipita- <br />tion and temperature with the idioclime, and <br />as many other important characteristics as <br />possible, such as physiography, soil, and <br />land use. <br /> <br />u <br />o <br /> <br />\l.J <br />0: <br />=) 20 <br />1-- <br /><( <br />0: <br />l.IJ <br />Q. <br /> <br />:~ <br />l.IJ <br />1-- 10 <br /> <br />-.. <br />..- <br /><l: <br />W <br /> <br />:~ <br /> <br />)- <br />_J <br />:c <br />~- <br />;~ <br />() <br />~ <br /> <br />o <br /> <br />/JL, <br />SPOKANE AU \ <br />JL-......... I IN <br />'AU \ NORTH) <br />\ IN Sf PLA TTE <br /> <br />'s\l MY <br />of 'oc / <br />IA(,~P <br />.AR \ <br />NO MR \ NO <br />F{ If ~f <br />Of I 'JA) <br />VA <br /> <br />3. Homoclimes for Short-term and Middle-term <br />Variations of Precipitation <br /> <br />For the purpose of this discussion, short-term <br />variations are those occurring within two <br />growing seasons, and middle-term variations <br />are those spanning 10 years. Long-term vari- <br />ations are those that correspond at least to <br />the characteristic time for maturation .of the <br />principal plant species and may be as long as <br />the characteristic development time of an <br />environmental climax. <br /> <br />For studying short-term variations, and in <br />particular the impacts of short-term <br />.precipitation-management actions, the best <br />homoclime is the idioclime itself observed <br /> <br />MONTHLY PRECIPITATION, mm <br /> <br />o <br /> <br />40 <br /> <br />80 <br /> <br />Fig. 2 - Precipitation-temperature climo- <br />gram of mean seasonal variations <br />