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<br />tested, the expected ICG would be < 1.0 L-1 after 10 min. If this is che case <br /> <br />inc~eases in Ice due Co scc<linC would not be measurahle. <br /> <br />During the SCPP a variety of remote sensing and surface measurements were <br /> <br />also available. A 5 cm weather radar was located at Sheridan (SHR) near the <br /> <br />base of the Sierra ~evada. Rawinsonde stations were located at SHR and <br /> <br />Kingvale (KGV) near the crest of the barrier. Telemetered precipitation <br /> <br />gauges with a resolution of 0.1 IT~ in 5 min (Price and Rilling, 1987) were <br /> <br />distributed throughout the target area. Intensive surface and remote sensing <br /> <br />observations were collected at KGV with a radiometer, vertically pointing Ka <br /> <br />band radar, a 2D-C particle sensor, and a high resolution precipitation gauge. <br /> <br />3. Case Study <br /> <br />a. Cloud Struc~ure and Organization <br /> <br />On 22 December 1986 at 1200 (all times UTC) a shortwave trough was moving <br /> <br />rapidly from the northwest into a split in the upper level flow over Utah. In <br /> <br />the next 12 hours the wave weakened and moved onshore, with the main energy to <br /> <br />the north of California. The surface front associated with this wave was in <br /> <br />the northwest corner of California at 1200. This weak front was observed to <br /> <br />pass SHR after 1500 and KGV at 1700, and preceded most of the precipitation <br /> <br />associated with it. The radiometer at KGV measured a steady 1.0 mm of liquid <br /> <br />water from 1430-1630, but Lhe liquid water diminished to 0.1 mm as the front <br /> <br />passed and precipitation began. In the post-frontal airmass a well defined <br /> <br />orographic cloud developed with tops near 5.0 km, -150C, and cloud base near <br /> <br /> <br />1.4 km, OOC. Precipitation began at KGV at 1700, just after frontal passage, <br /> <br /> <br />and continued at over 4 ~~ h-1 until 1900. Light and intermittent <br />