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Last modified
7/28/2009 2:40:06 PM
Creation date
4/23/2008 1:57:02 PM
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Weather Modification
Title
The Characteristics and Evolution of Supercooled Water in Wintertime Storms Over the Sierra Nevada: A Summary of Radiometric Measurements taken During the Sierra Navada Cooperative Pilot Project
Date
7/1/1987
Weather Modification - Doc Type
Report
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<br />these 11 occurred during the 1984/85 winter field season which was evidence of <br /> <br />the persistence of flow fields and storm types experienced in one given winter. <br /> <br />Nine storms had complete radio~eter data .sets. <br /> <br />The variations in this category revolved around the actual trajectory of the <br /> <br />storm. In onshore systems, similar to the case discussed, the center of the <br /> <br />system moved directly over the project area. Typical values of supel'cooled <br /> <br />water ahead of the front were 0.05 to 0.50 mm with peak measurements to 1.00 mm. <br /> <br />Typical pre-frontal supercooled water episodes ranged from 6 to 8 hours. Pre- <br /> <br />cipitation rarely occurred in the pre-frontal region. Supercooled water <br /> <br />generally decreased to 0.05 to 0.20 mm within the frontal band and after frontal <br />passage. Precipitation was greatest with the frontal passage. Precipitation <br />decreased after the frontal passage. Precipitation and supercooled water ended <br /> <br />with the trough passage. <br /> <br />Storms with inland trajectories provided continuous liquid water with little <br /> <br />or no precipitation. Supercooled 'rJater values were typically O.IO to 0.40 mm <br />through the. entire storm. The storm duration was 15 to 21 hours. No distinct <br />frontal structure was observed in these storms. <br /> <br />Offshore storms were usually very cold, sometimes producing significant <br /> <br />amounts of snow near sea level. Winds over the Sierra Nevada were weak at all <br /> <br />. . <br />levels. Sustained amounts of supercooled water were rarely observed in the cold <br /> <br />trough which was dominated by strong convection. Convective peaks of super- <br /> <br />cooled water sometimes reached 0.50 mm, but again were very short lived. <br />Precipita,tion was typi.cally 3 mmh-1 and as high as 6 mmh-1 witllin convective <br />regions. The duration of offshore storms was as long as 57 h, indicative of the <br />formation of the slow moving cold deep trough. <br /> <br />24 <br /> <br />.I <br />
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