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<br />B-10 <br /> <br />.075 is at its 27% point <br />.135 is at its 11 % point <br />.425 is at its 21% point <br />.89 is at its 63% point <br /> <br />With allowance for multiplicity, then, there is no alternative to declaring that this experiment <br />has not reached a positive conclusion. <br /> <br />Repetition focused on Autumn, or possibly on Autumn and Winter, would seem most <br />likely to lead to confirmation. <br /> <br />11. Overall evaluatio~ of experiments <br /> <br />In this section, we present summary comments on a selected set of recently completed <br />weather modification projects. We note, particularly, conclusions (if any) that the prudent per- <br />son might draw from each. Drs. Brier, Mielke and Biondini prepared a "check-list" description <br />of each experiment, following the outline of Section 46. Our comments are based on those <br />descriptions (which we hope will be made available somehow) and on some of the published <br />reports. We have NOT, with minor exceptions, reanalyzed any data. <br />* FACE * <br /> <br />FACE was an exploratory experiment conducted over a substantial area of South Florida <br />during the summers of 1970-1976 (except for 1972 and 1974), to assess the effects of dynamic <br />seeding of convective systems. In August, 1975, and thereafter, a new flare type was used for <br />seeding, one that had been selected from laboratory experiments to be more effective. <br /> <br />Over all years and all conditions, results show a slight increase in mean rainfall on days <br />subject to dynamic seeding, but the observed increase fails to approach statistical significance. <br /> <br />When data are separated by year, it is found that for 1970-73 (24 experimental days), <br />average rainfall for seeded days was slightly less than for nons.eeded days. For 1975 and 1976 <br />(74 experimental days) average rainfall on seeded days was found to be greater (by some 30 <br />percent) than for nonseeded days. However, the observed increase in average rainfall under <br />seeding conditions in 1975 and 1976 is largely attributable to only a few (5 or 6) days. These <br />later years were years during which the presumably more effective flares were employed. <br /> <br />A number of other separations were employed in an effort to achieve greater sensitivity. <br />The numerous analyses that stem from various separations of data give rise to problems of <br />multiplicity. It is noteworthy, however, that those portions of separations with strong physical <br />bases -- light wind (vs. strong wind), undisturbed (vs. disturbed) days, days with echo motion <br />(vs. no echo motion), large (vs. small) expenditure of flares -- tend to be associated with larger <br />increases in mean rainfall under the seeded condition. In view of the limited sample size, there <br />is little hope of statistical significance here once multiplicity is allowed for. <br /> <br />Results suggest the possibility of a seeding effect that, under some conditions, increases <br />rainfall. At this point, due to problems of multiplicity, (expected in an exploratory phaseD and <br />to the possibility of subjective influences of knowledge of seeding, conclusions remain uncer- <br />tain. <br /> <br />.../ <br /> <br />* NHRE * <br /> <br />Results from this study are inconclusive. Contrary to initial hypotheses, the mean hail <br />mass on seeded days was found to exceed that on nonseeded days, and the difference <br />approaches statistical significance if the few (6) observations from 1973 are excluded. <br />