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<br />7~Oi(l(~-81) <br />O<lr..... "rHed.mall"n <br /> <br />TECHNICAL REPORT STANDARD TITLE PAGE <br /> <br />I. I'IEPOIH'tO. I'; GOV!!:'''''''!H "celll'ON NO. - , iIIECIPIENT'S CATALOG NO. <br />4. TITLE ANOSU9TlH.E , AEPORT OATE <br /> WINTER CLOUD SEEDING POTENTIAL ON THE January , 989 <br /> MOGOLLON RIM - FINAL REPORT PREPARED FOR , PERFORloltNG ORGANIZATION CODE <br /> ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES <br /> UNDER IGA-88-6189-OOO-OO51 D-3720 <br />1. AUTHOFlISI . "ERFORIolING ORC.....1Z...TlON <br /> "[POf'll "10. <br /> Arlin B. Super, Edmond W. Holroyd, III, <br /> and Jack T. McPanland R-89-D2 <br />. PERFOlllollNu ORC;."'UATlON N......E .....0 AOORESs " '/fORK. UIIlIT ...0 <br /> Bureau of Reclamation <br /> Denver Office " CONT""'CT OR GRANl liD. <br /> Denver CO 80225 IGA-88-6189-OOO-OO51 <br /> " TYPE OF I'I[POIlT AND PERIOD <br /> COVERED <br /> SPO!<lSORING ..OENey ...AME A"'O AOORESS <br /> Stale 01 Arizona <br /> Department of Water Resources <br /> 15 South 15th Avenue " SPONSOIllIN(; AGENCY COOE <br /> Phoenix AZ 85004 nORD <br />I~, SUPPLEIoIENTARV NOTES <br /> Microfiche and hard copy available at the Denver OffIce, Denver, Colorado. <br />" _eSTRACT <br /> Natural cloud and precipitalion processes were investigaled on the Mogollon Rim 01 Arizona <br /> during mid.January 10 mid.March of 1987 and 1988. The primary goal was 10 evaluale the cloud seeding <br /> potential 01 winter storms prior to altempting any seeding. It was crucial to monitOf the availability 01 <br /> supercooled CtW (cloud liquid water) required for precipitation development, and this was accomplished with <br /> a ground. based microwave radiomeler and instrumenled aircraft. Other measurements 01 Importance included <br /> cloud depth and structure, atmospheric stability, winds, cloud ice particles and waler droplets, and surface <br /> precipitation. The field measurements were put in the COn!eXl 01 larg&-scale weather panerns using standard <br /> weather maps and satellite photographs. A secondary goal involved evaluation of ground-based seeding <br /> simulated by transport and diffusion experiments using a tracer gas. Several imponant findings emerged Irom <br /> the various analyses 01 the dala. Cloud liquid water was available during portions 01 most storm episodes. <br /> The flux of liquid water passing over the cresl!ine during a 4.month winter was estimated at 30 to 100 percent <br /> of the mean annual runoff from the study areas. Thus, the raw material required for successful cloud seeding <br /> was available in reasonable abundance. The majority of the total ClW flux IOf each season was produced <br /> during a few large storms thaI were efficient in producing snowfall during portions of their lifetimes but quite <br /> inefficient during other periods. The total flux lor both seasons was approximately equally divided between <br /> 326 hours (85 percent 01 all hours) with vertically integraled CtW amounts less than 0.20 mm and 59 hours <br /> (15 percent) With amounts between 0.20 and 0.65 mm. The amount 01 ClW produced by local storms or <br /> isolated clouds was limited. The transpon and diffusion studies revealed that plumes 01 ground-based seeding <br /> material could usually fill most 01 the lowest kilometer 01 cloudy air passing over the crest during periods with <br /> stratilorm clouds. HOwever, this zone was often too warm for significant ice nucleaTion With conventional <br /> types 01 silver iodide and generators. Aircraft Seeding would likely be required lor a large I,action of the <br /> Arizona storm clouds. Recommendations are made for future experiments designed 10 document the physical <br /> chain of evenTs following particular seeding treatments. <br />" I(EY WOFlOS ANO OOCUIoIE'H ANAL '1'515 <br />. DESC~ IPTOAS.. Wealher modificatlon/ cloud Seedin~ precipitation augmentatlon{ precipitation <br /> ~nhancemenll artificial seeding/ cloud PhYSiCS! orograp ic cloUds/ s~erCooIed liquid walerj cloud <br /> lI~wid.water~ liquid waler contenl! ice crystals snow/ precipitation/ ums tracking/ transport and <br /> dl uS1on/ c ouds/ <br />b. IDf,NTIFIERS.. Mogollon Rim/ Ha~py Jack~ Hanna?an Meadow/ While Mounlains/ Aa~staH/ <br /> ~ ne/ Pa~on/ Coconino Nalional orest! reseott Prescott Nallonal Forest! Camp erdej <br />C 22~~or1/~e~~atfl 046 COWRR 0402.1 SR/M: <br />Ie. DI$TFI'9UTIONSTATE"'E'H .. SECUFlITVCLASS 0 NO or PAGf: <br />Available from 11'1.. Naltanal TecMrtlco/lnformoriOn Serv"e, Operallons ITI"SII(PGtlTl <br /> UNCLASSIFIED 173 <br />Division, 5285 Pot! Royal Rood, Sprin,f..fd, Vir,.n'o 2i101. 2G $ECUl'l.,TV CLASS " PRICE <br /> ll..'S._HI <br /> UNCLASSIFIED <br />