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<br />against the scouring action of the water as it leaves the <br />passages leading from t~e gates. The gate structure is <br />heavily weighted with a filling of earth on top of the piers <br />between wooden buikheads, forming a driveway across <br />the canal. The earth filling is held in place by a huge <br />box of timber which must in time, possibly very soon, <br />require to be replaced by the more durable material of <br />reinforced concrete. This rebuilding of the top of the <br />dam and the top on the r.eadgate is a part of the perma- <br />nent Vlork now contemplated. <br /> <br />By referring to the photographs of these headworKs it <br />wi:! be noticed that they are very advantageously lo- <br />cated, where the natural trend of the river is directly to- <br />VJard the gates, and in this respect the river has never <br />changed its current or directio:i since the v;/orks were <br />rebuilt by the Great Pia1ns Water Company, in 1898. <br />The dam has never suffered any serious break since it <br />VIas built, and altogether the works are now in a way to <br />remain permanently undisturbed !f properiy protected <br />and guarded. <br /> <br />WASTE GATES AND SAND GATES. <br /> <br />For the more careful regulation of the flow of water in <br />the canal three waste gate structures of wood \:vere origi- <br />nally buiit, 900, 2,900 and 6.900 feet below the <br />headgates, by means of which the entire flow of the <br />canal could be returned to the river. In 1902 these waste <br />gates were supplemented by a new structure, 3,150 <br />feet below the dam, designed and bui!l by Mr. Thomas <br />Berry, who was at that time Chief Engineer of the Great <br />Plains VVater Company, or its successor, the Arkansas <br /> <br />29 <br />