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WMOD00317
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Last modified
7/28/2009 2:35:48 PM
Creation date
3/11/2008 2:44:23 PM
Metadata
Fields
Template:
Weather Modification
Contract/Permit #
14-06-D-6999
Project Name
CAWRP
Title
Cascades Atmosphere Water Resources Program - Volume I
Prepared For
US Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclaimation
Date
7/1/1970
Weather Modification - Doc Type
Report
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<br />- 118 - <br /> <br />l- <br />I- <br />l- <br />I- <br />1- <br />l <br />l- <br />I- <br />l- <br />I- <br />l- <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />l <br />I. <br />l <br /> <br />they were distorted, but they often had cracks. The frozen drops were <br /> <br /> <br />sometimes rimed and on occasions had collected other ice particles. <br /> <br /> <br />The drops in anyone storm were fairly uniform in size. Frozen drops were <br /> <br /> <br />observed as large as about 1000 ~m in diameter, However, most of them were <br /> <br />between 250 to 500 ~m in diameter on the ground and 50 to !.l00 ~m in the air, <br /> <br />In regions where there was an increase in air turbulence, there was also an <br /> <br />increase in the concentration of frozen drops, <br /> <br />4,2,17 Frozen Droplets at the Centers of Crystals <br /> <br />The occurrence of a frozen drop at the center ofacrystal may provide <br /> <br />information 'on the mode of nucleation (Weickman, et al., 1970; Auer and Veal, <br /> <br />1970; Auer, 1971). Also, a frozen drop at the center of a crystal implies <br /> <br />that the atmosphere was initially supersaturated with respect to water. <br /> <br />Very few crystals out of the many tens of thousands which we have <br /> <br />examined had frozen drops at their centers. A rough estimate would indicate <br /> <br />that of the crystals collected in the air less than one crystal in a thousand <br /> <br />had a frozen drop at its center. The same extreme scarcity of crystals with <br /> <br />frozen drops at their centers was also noted on the ground. Weickman, et al., <br /> <br />Auer and Veal, and Auer have suggested that asymmetrical plates are more corm;'::'ti <br /> <br />with a frozen drop at their center and that a frozen drop is generally <br /> <br />associated with double growth about the center of the crystal. Our <br /> <br />observations to date do not lead to any such general conclusions. For example, <br /> <br />double growth was often observed on both thick plates and isolated brcmches <br /> <br />and yet no frozen droplet was observed at the centers of these crystals. Als.), <br /> <br />frozen droplets were rarely found at the centers of star-like crystals. <br /> <br />Irregular blocks of ice, hexagonal plates and solid columns were sometimes at <br />
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