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Last modified
7/28/2009 2:35:48 PM
Creation date
3/11/2008 2:44:23 PM
Metadata
Fields
Template:
Weather Modification
Contract/Permit #
14-06-D-6999
Project Name
CAWRP
Title
Cascades Atmosphere Water Resources Program - Volume I
Prepared For
US Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclaimation
Date
7/1/1970
Weather Modification - Doc Type
Report
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<br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I. <br />I. <br />I. <br />I. <br />I. <br />I. <br />I. <br />~. <br />I. <br />I <br /> <br />- 123 - <br /> <br /> <br />and riming continued on that same face. For hexagonal plates, riming generally <br /> <br />occurred on the prism faces or occasionally on the leading basal face. Since <br /> <br />riming dominated in the lowe~ levels, plate crystals had generally passed out <br /> <br />of their diffusional growth regime prior to the onset of riming. Consequently, <br /> <br />the riming was concentrated at the edges of the crystals. Occasionally, <br /> <br />riminr; occurred below -lOoC and the rimed droplets were then observed embedded <br /> <br />in the crystals. <br /> <br />The observations of rimed crystals at the ground confirmed those made in <br /> <br />the air. Cold region crystals such as columns, side planes, radiating <br /> <br />assemblage of plates, sectors, dendrites, and bullets were not rimed to nearly <br /> <br />the same degree as crystals formed at temperatures above -200C. Dendrites, <br /> <br />needles, sheaths, and warm columns were heavily rimed. Plain plates were <br /> <br />often observed without much riming, as were other sub-water saturated crystals <br />such as crystals with sector-like and broad branches. Thus, the crystals <br />which were heavily rimed most commonly were those which formed at or above <br /> <br />water saturation and above -200C. Those crystals not heavily rimed were cold <br /> <br />region crystals, both water saturated and sub-saturated types, and sub-water <br /> <br />saturated crystals above -200C such as hexagonal plates. At times aggregates <br /> <br />of crystals were also heavily rimed. It was deduced from ground measurements <br /> <br /> <br />and trajectory analyses that the crystals became rimed below about 9,000 feet <br /> <br /> <br />above the Cascade Mountains and, in many cases, much closer to the surface <br /> <br />than this (see ~5.5). <br />In order for riming to occur water droplets must, of course, be present in <br /> <br />the air. In general, the concentrations o~ droplets increased with decreasing <br /> <br />altitude. In the first few thousand feet above the ground over the Cascades, <br />
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