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Last modified
7/28/2009 2:35:12 PM
Creation date
3/11/2008 11:22:28 AM
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Weather Modification
Title
Applications of the Clark Model to Winter Storms Over the Wasatch Plateau
Prepared For
Utah Department of Natural Resources Division of Water Resources
Prepared By
James A. Heimbach, Jr.
Date
7/1/1993
State
UT
Weather Modification - Doc Type
Report
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<br />Graphics output is vectored to the machine of choice through the use of the UNIX rcp command. The <br />author vectored one copy of the graphics to the UNCA Sun IPC purchased for this project, and another to one of <br />MMM's workstations as a backup. The graphics were created using the NCARGraphics system and both <br />workstations have this software which enables manual examination of the products. A typical job produced 10 <br />Mbytes of graphics and for each hour of simulated time plus graphics production, two hours of CRA Y CPU time <br />were required. <br />3. Data <br />The data applied to this modeling were collected during the early winter 1991 Utah/NOAA Cooperative <br />Atmospheric Modification Program run from mid-January to Inid-March. The experimental area was the Wasatch <br />Plateau located in central Utah. Figure 1 shows the experimental area and the location of some of the <br />instrumentation. An instrumented Beechcraft King Air C-90 aircraft (N46RF) was provided by USDC/NOAA/ARC. <br />Its configuration and scientific direction were by the NOAA/ERLlARS in Boulder, CO. The designated flight tracks <br />are indicated as the two N-S lines roughly on the upwind and downwind edges of the Plateau. A road parallels the <br />west Plateau edge. Sampling with two instrumented vans was along this 8 km stretch called the "upwind highway" <br />(Highway 31, south of the DOT site). For both cases presented in this report, AgI was released by the 8 valley <br />generators established by North American Weather Consultants (hereafter NA WC) for the operational project on <br />which the 1991 experiment was piggy-backed. For portions of the two cases, sulfur hexaflouride (SF6) was released <br />within the mouth of Birch Creek Canyon. The SF6 tracer gas was measured by fast-response detectors (Benner and <br />Lamb, 1985) on the aircraft, and for the 2 March case, in a van provided by NAWC. Both the aircraft and van- <br />monitored their positions with Global Positioning System receivers. The aircraft also obtained observations of ice <br />nuclei (IN), air temperature, liquid water content and horizontal winds. <br />Several instruments were operated near the north end of the upwind highway at the DOT site. A dual-channel <br />microwave radiometer (Hogg et al., 1983) provided liquid water LW amounts. An acoustical counter (Langer, 1973) <br />monitored the IN concentration in the aircraft. Similar counters were operated at the DOT site and a second <br />instrumented van. A network of 5 precipitation gauges was maintained across the Plateau. Each gauge was in a <br />sheltered location to Ininimize wind-induced undercatch. Wind velocity and air temperature were monitored by 3 <br />PROBE automatic weather stations in addition to the DOT observatory. One weather station was on the valley floor <br />at the Mount Pleasant airport, one was in the entrance to Fairview Canyon, and one was 3.3 km further up that <br />Canyon. The final report of Huggins et al., (1992) provided summaries of surface and satellite data used in this <br />report. <br />4. Analytical Techniques <br />a. Topography <br />The source of topography data was a file on the CRA Y mass storage containing 30 sec points (approx. 0.5 <br />km) for CONUS. In the topography generation mode, the model determined the latitudes/longitudes for each grid <br /> <br />-4- <br /> <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />
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