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<br />I <br />I <br /> <br />21 <br /> <br />study by Sackiw et al. (1984) clearly showed that NCAR counters <br /> <br /> <br />(operating at -200C) only detected about 10% of the ice crystals <br /> <br /> <br />detected from the same aerosol sample in the CSU isothermal cloud <br /> <br /> <br />chamber, even after applying the correction for ice particle losses <br /> <br />because of instrument design given by Langer (1973). Therefore, the <br /> <br />potential nuclei were probably underestimated. Even so, the recent <br /> <br />orographic cloud studies found only a "small fraction" of the available <br /> <br /> <br />AgI nucleated ice crystals. They suggested that this may be due to the <br /> <br />long time dependence of contact nucleation as discussed by DeMott et <br /> <br />al. (1983). <br />Finally, there is evidence that the complex behavior of ice <br /> <br />nucleating aerosols can impact the targetting of seeding effects. <br /> <br />Observations have shown statistically significant increases in <br /> <br />precipitation in regions downwind of seeding target areas, such as <br /> <br />observed by Super and Heimbach (1983) for Montana orographic clouds. <br /> <br />This program used both AgI and AgI-NaI nuclei at different times. <br /> <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br /> <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br /> <br />I <br /> <br />Np <br /> <br />- <br />