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<br />Appendix B: Common Problems and General <br />Recommendations* <br /> <br />*Solutions are described in the italicized paragraphs <br /> <br />Misting: <br /> <br />· It is inefficient when heads are emitting mist because the water can easily be <br />blown away or the mist may end up evaporating. As a result, watering times must <br />be increased because a large portion of the water emitted does not actually reach <br />the turf. When heads are consistently under too high of pressure, it will cause <br />them to wear out prematurely. Ifheads are misting, a pressure reducer should be <br />installed. <br /> <br />· The pressure reducer can be installed in three different places. If the pressure <br />needs to be reduced for the entire system, then a pressure reducer should go on <br />the pipe feeding the sprinkler system. If the pressure does not need to be reduced <br />for the entire system, but still needs to be reduced for one or more zones, a <br />pressure reducer can be installed in one of two places. Determining which of the <br />two places the reducer should be installed on will depend on cost. If there are a <br />lot of heads, it will most likely be more economical to install a pressure reducer <br />on the valve for each zone needing a pressure reduction. However, if the zones <br />needing lower pressure only have a few heads, it may be more economical simply <br />to install pressure reducing stems on each head within those zones. <br /> <br />Tilted and sunken heads: <br /> <br />· Over time heads tend to sinl< and tilt due to the natural settling of the earth, as <br />well as wear and tear from foot traffic and lawn maintenance. These heads, <br />though still operational, are either not spraying water onto the turf or are spraying <br />in an undesirable pattern. These are seemingly minor issues, but actually have the <br />potential to greatly reduce the efficiency of the system. In many cases, it results <br />in severe alteration of the spray pattern for that sprinkler head and can result in <br />brown spots, misting, and wasted water. These problems are relatively <br />inexpensive and easy to fix and once it is addressed, can increase the system's <br />efficiency dramatically. <br /> <br />· To fix the problem of sunken and/or tilted heads, the head will most likely have to <br />be dug out and manually lifted and/or straightened by placing soil around the <br />head. If the sprinkler system was installed correctly, a swingjoint should attach <br />the sprinkler heads to the lateral line. Swing joints are flexible pieces of pipe that <br />allow the sprinkler head to be slightly moved without damaging the lateral line. <br /> <br />21 <br />