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Last modified
1/26/2010 4:16:25 PM
Creation date
7/27/2007 8:45:11 AM
Metadata
Fields
Template:
Water Supply Protection
File Number
8282.400
Description
Colorado River Operations and Accounting - Deliveries to Mexico
State
CO
Basin
Colorado Mainstem
Water Division
5
Date
9/1/2001
Author
Natural Resources Journal
Title
Natural Resources Journal - Water Issues in the US-Mexico Borderlands - Fall 2000 - RE-Colorado River-Mexican Delta Issues - 09-01-00
Water Supply Pro - Doc Type
Report/Study
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<br />828 <br /> <br />NATURALRESOURCES/OURNAL <br /> <br /> <br /> .90:: <br /> ~ <br />ClO cO: <br />Cl'\ l:rl' <br />Cl'\ <br />.... .pcP. <br />~ <br />= 6'1' <br />Cl'\ .o!ScP. <br />.... <br />CI.l 6'1' <br />~ 0cP. <br />~ 6'1' <br /> .9<.: <br /> 6'1' <br />Q ~ <br />~ 6'1' <br /> o;fu <br />CI.l l:rl' <br />~ .o!S..Q <br />Q ~ <br />~ 0..Q <br /> l:rl' <br />~ .9~ <br /> ~ <br />~ ~ <br /> ~ <br />~ .p.o!S <br />~ 6'1' <br />~ ~cT <br />= <br />~ 'I' <br /> O.o!S <br />~ If'1' <br /> .9~ <br />~ 6'1' <br /> c"~ <br /> 6'1' <br />0 .pc <br />~ 6'1' <br /> .o!Sc <br />S ~ <br /> Oc <br />U ~ <br />N .9;. <br />! 6'1' <br />t-' ~ <br />s: ~ <br /> ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~~ 0 .pa <br /> l:rl' <br /> o~ In o~ In~ 0 In <br /> l'O'\ N N - - <br /> JaaJ-3J38 0001 <br /> <br />[Vol. 40 <br /> <br />Fall 2000] <br /> <br />MANAGING ECOSYSTEM CONSERVATION <br /> <br />829 <br /> <br />flow.34 The United States delivers 90 percent of Mexico's water allotment to <br />the Northerly International Border (NIB) at Morelos Dam. Mexico diverts <br />this water to the Mexicali and San Luis Rio Colorado irrigation districts by <br />way of the Central Canal,3S which has a capacity sufficient to divert ., <br />Mexico's entire allocation. Water in the Central Canal not used for irrigation ~ <br />is routed to Mexicali and Tijuana for municipal use.36 The ten percent of CJ.,) <br />Mexico's allocation delivered at the SIB in the San Luis Rio Colorado valley W <br />is diverted for irrigation. In years without flood releases, no Colorado River ~ <br />water reaches the remnant Delta wetlands below the diversion points; the to- <br />only water reaching the Delta comes from groundwater seeps, agricultural <br />drainage, and tidewater.37 <br /> <br />D. Colorado River Delta: Endangered Species, Habitat, and Water <br />Requirements <br /> <br />Despite its diminished state, the Delta plays a significant ecological <br />role exten.ding far beyond the bounds of its 150,000 acres. The Delta <br />supports a variety of wildlife, including several threatened and endangered <br />species listed in both the United States and Mexico.38 The Delta is a key <br /> <br />34. The average flow (over the 90 year historic record) of the Colorado River ill 15 million <br />acre-feet. Flows as low as 6 million aae-feet and as high as 24 million aae-feet have been <br />recorded. See PONIlUS, supra note 1, at 6. In 1976 researchers estimated the long-term annual <br />flows of the Colorado River, based on extensive tree-ring sampling for the years 1520-1961, at <br />approximately 13.5 million aae-feet. See David Tarboto1\ Hydrologic SCenllrios for Severe <br />Sustained Drought in the Southwestern United States, 31 WATER R.EsouRCES Buu.. 803 (1995). <br />35. Approximately 2 million acre-feet per year are used for irrigation in the Mexicall and <br />San Luis Rio Colorado valleys, with Colorado River water making up the majority of this <br />supply. See V ALD~ASILLAS ET AL., SUPTtl note 12, at 22. <br />36. Telephone interview with Robert Ybarra, Foreign Affairs Officer, International <br />Boundary and Water Commission ijan. 29, 1999). <br />37. See Glenn et at, supra note 3, at 1178. The Colorado River provides considerable value <br />in terms of recreational and fish and wUd1ife benefits. However, the ecological needs of the <br />Colorado River have only recently gained legal recognition and protection. See David H. <br />Getches, Colorado River Governance: Sharing Federal Authority as an Incentive 10 Create a New <br />Institution, 56 U. COLO. L. REv. 573, 573-74 (1997). <br />38. Listed species include the desert pupfish, listed in the United States and Mexico (the <br />largest remaining population anywhere is in the amega de Santa Clara)i the Ywna clapper <br />raiJ.listed as an endangered species in the United States and MexiCOi the bobcat, listed only in <br />Mexicoi the vaquita porpoise, the world's smallest marine mammal, listed in Mexico, and in <br />the United States as a species of special concern by the Marine Mammal Commission; and the <br />totoaba, listed in both the United States and Mexico, now virtually extinct. a steel-blue fish that <br />grows up to seven feet and 300 pounds, and once supported a commercial fishery that closed <br />in 1975. In addition,. Mexico lists five threatened species: the yellow-footed gul!, Heermann's <br />gull, elegant tern, reddish egret, and peregrine! falcon; three species for special protection: the <br />brant, house finch, and mocJdnabirdi and one rare species: the great blue heron. See 50 C.F.R. <br />S 17.11 (listing endangered or threatened species under the U.S. Endangered Species Act). <br />
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