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<br />Supplementary studies may be conducted by partner agencies as part of the project design phase and/or <br />the operational seeding phase. These studies can contribute additional information of value to the <br />proposed project and partnering agency research objectives. For example, collection of data by aircraft <br />could add valuable information to the design phase, particularly, but also could be useful to the <br />precipitation evaluation of the operational phase. This is also the case with doppler radar data. The <br />collection of data by aircraft and land-based radar is very expensive and will be considered as important, <br />but not essential to the design or operational phases. Weather service doppler radar information will be <br />available to the program. Locally, a doppler radar is located on the Grand Mesa. Some aircraft data were <br />collected in the Park Range during the Colorado Orographic Cloud Seeding Experiment (COSE) (for <br />example: Rauber et aI., 1986; Rauber and Grant, 1986; Rauber, 1987) conducted by Colorado State <br />University in the early 1980s (supported by Reclamation, the National Science Foundation, Air Force <br />Geophysics Laboratory, NCAR, NOAA and others) and those results were published. <br /> <br />~ <br /> <br />A shortcoming of aircraft data collected from the Headwaters Region is that important cloud information <br />cannot be retrieved within 2000 feet (vertical) of barriers when the aircraft must fly in clouds. Recent <br />studies of aircraft and ground-based microwave radiometer (an instrument that estimates integrated cloud <br />liquid water along the scan line) data indicate that most orographically-induced supercooled liquid water <br />(SL W) is concentrated in the lowest 2000 feet or so above mountain barriers (Super, 1999). The SL W is <br />a necessary, but not sufficient, cloud characteristic requirement for seeding. A radiometer can supply <br />information on integrated SL W, but not data on the dispersal of seeding effects in cloud that an aircraft <br />can sometimes provide. Nevertheless, the benefits from aircraft data in the proposed program are not felt <br />large enough against the cost to recommend their use in data collection. <br /> <br />The proposed program must deal with operational program design and evaluation, but also some essential <br />components including environmental compliance, public awareness and information release, and program <br />organization and management. Cloud seeding suspension criteria will need to be developed for the <br />design phase and for operational seeding which may differ because of much greater area of effect. High- <br />resolution three-dimensional weather and cloud modeling must be conducted. <br /> <br />The following report sections include chapter 2 that covers the scientific basis for conducting the <br />operational cloud seeding. Chapter 3 discusses the program design phase, associated labor costs and <br />equipment costs. Chapter 4 covers information on the operational cloud seeding phase including <br />estimates of additional water and the costs to conduct the operational seeding. Compliance with <br />environmental regulation is covered in chapter 5. Chapter 6 covers program management and <br />organization. The proposed program time schedule is presented in chapter 7. An appendix A authored <br />by Arlin Super is included to present cloud seeding in more technical detail, discuss some important <br />previous cloud seeding and observation studies more thoroughly, and provide an extensive list of <br />references. <br /> <br />4 <br />