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002535 Mining operations were scattered through the area by 1860, and settlements grew to serve the needs of the miners. Some of these settlements were short lived and exist today only in the shambles of the ghost towns that dot the area, Or in historical reference. The surviving mining towns were joined by agricultural settlements as the Homestead Act and the transcontinental railroad made the West more attractive. New settlers irrigated the fertile valleys just as the Indians had done centuries before. After the establishment of the mining~agricultural economy, growth in the area again became moderate. The 1930 population of the Pacific Southwest, predominantly in southern California, stood at about 3~ million. Drouth-ridden people of the Midwest flocked to southern California during the 1930's. With the war-induced economy of the 1940's and improved air-conditioning technology, the 1950 population of the Southwest increased to about 7 million. The migratory stage had been set. Cold-weary and oppor- tunity-seeking people thronged to the Southwest, increasing the total population to about 11 million in 1960. Table 1 shows the growth and projection of the regions which are included in the Pacific Southwest Water Plan. This westward migration of people has resulted in the incorpora- tion of a large number of towns which, prior to 1960, were either nonexistent or unincorporated. It has also resulted in a heavy con- centration of people in several of the larger cities of California, Nevada, and Arizona. Phoenix, Arizona, had a population of 107,000 in 1950, and jumped to 439,000 in 1960. Tucson, Arizona, grew from 45,000 to 213,000 during the same period. Los Angeles has grown from 1,970,000 in 1950 to 2,479,000 in 1960, and San Diego from 334,000 to 573,000. It has been reported that California gains 1,700 people a day, including 1,000 people from immigration. Some of these large metropolitan areas are located in areas of rich agricultural land. With the influx of people concentrating in and around these regions, agricultural land has and is giving way to urbanization. In metropolitan Phoenix 50,000 acres of irrigated land were shifted from crop production to housing and industrial sites during the 50's. In 1950, southern California had 570,000 acres of urbanized land; in 1960 there were 1,080,000 acres urbanized. During the same period, 60,000 acres of irrigated land went out of crop production. Figure 1 presents a line graph showing population estimates based on Bureau of the Census Reports, 1930 through 1960, with pro- jections to the year 2020. While southern California does not have the greatest percent increase from the period 1960 to 2020, it does possess the largest population when related to the rest of the regions in the study area. Southern California had 87 percent of the area's population in 1960, ahd, according to projections, will have about 1-4