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<br />Mr. FORAKER. And did not belong to the States. tgnorillg "\
<br />the fact tlint 1 he puwers uot delegl\ted were l'eRel'ved to the ;.
<br />States or reserveu to the people.
<br />.Mr. 'l'J::}LLElt. In tJ~nt cuse the Attorney-nenel'nl, or who-
<br />ever represented the Govcrnmeut-I think It woe not the At.
<br />torney-Gcucl'fd bimself, but some Bullol'uinate-mude the propo-
<br />sition to the comt tlIat there were certain powers thnt ough~
<br />to exist alltl tLml (lhl exist, which most ulltlom; recognize as ex-....
<br />i:<5Uug in them, aud that. tl1o.!:!e powers Qugbt to exist. in the . .V' '
<br />UnIted Stales, and If they were not expl'c:':isetl In the Con::;litu-
<br />tion they Illust he found In the Inherent powers of the nOverIl~
<br />ment. 'l'hc COllrt :mi<l in sOlllllny words, there is no such thing
<br />flB inherent power. How could there be inherent power in n
<br />GOyernmcllt ,,,,here all power was delegated? 'Where Clm you
<br />get inherent 110wer tbat is not delegated? li'rOlll whom would
<br />it corne?
<br />In the case of KanS3S v. Colorado, to which I lmve referred,
<br />the court said:
<br />\Vr. must look hfl....onu section 8 for Congresslonol flutbol'1ly over
<br />nl'l{l lands, l1.nil it 1~ snlu to lie fOl1nd ill the sp-cou(l paragraph or src-
<br />tton 3 or Artlcl\' IV I'cadlng; "The Coog:ref;f; shall have pow('l' to dls-
<br />[lO::lC of and IHU!IC nil needful 1'\11es und regulatIons l'eF;pectin~ the ter.
<br />l'Il0l'Y or othel' IH'ol)erty belonging to tbe UnJtc<1 ~IAtes; aml Dothing
<br />ill this COllsllt\lllon shall be fiO cODstrned lIS to pl'ejudicl;' any claims
<br />of the United Slates, or or any particular Stnte."
<br />'fhe tull scope ot this paragraph bas never been definitely settled,
<br />PZ'lmnrlly, at lenst, It Is n gl"ant of pow('r to thr. United Stal(ls of coo-
<br />'Unl ovel' lis property, '.fllat is Implied by the WOI'OS .< territory or
<br />other IlrOlll?L'ly," It Is true it has heen referred 10 to flome decisioDs as
<br />g"l'Illltiug political and leglslatlve t:ontrol over the 'fenltol'ies liS db;-
<br />tlDglllshl?d fl'OUl thp Statl?!'l of the Tlnlon, It Is nl1neee~~ary in tlw
<br />(ll'r.S~lIt Cl\S<' to consldcr whC'ther the languag-e jllstilie:'i thIs constl't1C-
<br />tloll, Certnluly we have 110 disposition to limH 01' ql1llilt.v the expl'es-
<br />HiollS which !lave hercLofOl'e fallen from this COUl't 1n rC'spect tllereto,
<br />Dut clc~L"ly It does not gmnt to Congress all)' Il'glslutlvf' contl'ol over V
<br />lhe Stales, Rnd mllst, so te.L' 9.8 tlley al"e coucellHxl. be limited to IIU-
<br />tlJCIl'ity over the property belonging to tlIe Dulted Stlltf'::l within their
<br />I1mlts, ApprecIating the force of this, couDolel for the Go'VC!rnment
<br />relic!! upou " the doctl'lne of E10verelgn Rnd lrihl?renl PI}Wf'I'," IHldillg, " I
<br />11m Aware lhnt In ndvRnclllg till!' doctrine I seeUl to cllnl1eng-e great
<br />dC'clslons of th.... CO\lI't, nlld I sDeak wIth d(.fc>renc('."- HI~ argument
<br />rllllS :::uh!'!tnllttnl1y along this lIne; All legislative powcr lllllst be vested
<br />In either the Stl1.te 01' the National Govel'nUlent; no legislative powers
<br />helong to n State government other than tllose which afi'ed solr~ly tbe
<br />internal nfflllnJ of tll/\.t Slatp; confj('qnently nIl power~ which llre oa-
<br />t iOllal in 1t111~lr scope mllst he fOllnd vl'stl?d 1n lh(l COl1gref\S of tbe
<br />Uulted StnL(l~_ But the PI-opoRltlon thnt therc fire leg-islativr powers
<br />nITecttug lhe nnllon R!'! l\ whole, which belong to, nI"th(,ugh !lot ex-
<br />pl'cssed tn, the J!:mnt of powers J!! ID d!r(!ct confl1ct with the <loctrlne
<br />thnt, thl!:l- Is a GovNOmp.nt of enumerfLted power!!. Thnt thl!'! is such
<br />n Government c1enrly appears fl'om the Constltntioll, indepcndently of
<br />t.he ameudH1pntfl, fo\' otberwise tbere would be flD Instrllment gTR.utlng
<br />c~rrnlu 8pec\f1p.o things made operative to g"\'lIot othpL' and distiDct
<br />thiugs, 'l'hl!:l JIlltul'IIl r.oDdtructlon of the orlglnnl body of the Con-
<br />l"tltutlon Is mac1c nb!lolutply certaIn by the tenth llffiendm(lut, '.rhls
<br />nmendment, whleh was seemtngly ndoptl?d with pl'e~cip.n('e of just such
<br />('ontent.lon flS the present, disclosed tbe wldefl/)l'ead fear tbat tlH.l Na-
<br />tlonlIl Govel'nruent might, nndel' the pl'cs8111'e 0 fl supposed l;"enCl'al wel-
<br />[al"e, attewpt to exercIse /JOWCI'S whlcll hllrl not been I;rlluted_ With
<br />,e(Itlal detel'mln!ltion the l'arnet'lI Inten(led that no such aSfiumptlon
<br />should ever find JustIfication In the' organic' act, aml that If ln the
<br />future tlll'tlwr powers seeme(l nl?cesflllry they should he granlett by the
<br />pe'18le lu thc umllDer tlif'v had provl<led for nmell<llllg" thnt net. It
<br />I'ell s; "'l'he power!'! not Cielegat.ed to the United Stntes by the Con-
<br />. !>111utlon, nor prohibited by'lt to the States, al'e I'e:;cl'ved to lhe States,
<br />rC!>llectlveIYi"Ol' to tlie people," .
<br />Mr. Pl'e~idcnt. thiB Government dId lIot spring up full firmed,
<br />ns :Mlnervn Is ~l1id to have sprnng, from the brain of Jove, .It
<br />came from the [leople of the seycral States, who passed upon
<br />44406--7816 .
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