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<br />virtually every facet of the hydrologic cycle, many of which do not lend
<br />thems elves to rigorous mathematical treatment. a rational approach is
<br />most commonly used. Downstream effects shown in table 7 were com-
<br />puted on the basis of a 1,000 square mile drainage area. The basis of
<br />these estimates probably should be re-examined before using these
<br />assumptions in regional planning.
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<br />001541
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<br />the
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<br />The following minimum'
<br />effects of stock ponds.
<br />
<br />data are required in order to evaluate
<br />
<br />a.
<br />
<br />An inventory of stock ponds, including their location,
<br />drainage area, surface area, and capacity.
<br />
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<br />indicating whether a pond may be filled once per &~~~
<br />year, several times each year, or kept continuously r,J,~.','
<br />full from a continuous source. i~r~if~
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<br />to the water table or contributions to subterranean
<br />outflows; and (4) use by riparian vegetation.
<br />
<br />e. Depletion of natural channel flow which exists, whether
<br />or not any runoff is stored. This depletion is often
<br />called a transmission loss and includes evaporation.
<br />transpiration, and seepage. A portion of seepage may
<br />'..'..it"
<br />eventually return as streamflow or may recharge the.;%:,;;:i
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<br />sis must account for all the se items. 1;~~j
<br />
<br />Due to the large expenditures of manpower and financial resources
<br />required to make a detailed survey of all stock ponds in a watershed area,
<br />a sampling technique is commonly used to study the physical and operat-
<br />ing characteristics of stock ponds. Total depletions are measured in
<br />sample ponds. The losses are distributed among the several hydrologic
<br />factors known to caus e thes e depletions. Results are expanded to the
<br />entire watershed area under study.
<br />
<br />
<br />51
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