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<br />002283 <br /> <br />.1; <br /> <br />1 ~:.; <br /> <br />Water-quality and Waste Mana.gement <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />Inventories of salt loads.-- !!here are propolled: (1) over an <br />initial five-year period, a reCOllll&.iSllanCe utimate of the natural <br />salt loads carried 'by streams of the region and of the changes in load <br />(usually increases) caused currently 'by irrigation, by' industries, and <br />'by municipalities; (2) thereafter, 'by successive sub-baSlnJl or develop- <br />ment areas, recurrent specific dete:nn:Lnations of the man-caused chauges <br />1n the salt loads of streams. !!his would entail about 10 prima:ry <br />Chemical-quality stations and perhaps 50 roving ,stations ma1ntained <br />for five-year intervals at each partiCular site. Cost, first year <br />$90,000, second to fifth year $250,000 per year. <br /> <br />Means for water-quality management.-- A most crucial goal of <br />water managenent in the region should be to seek out all posllible means-- <br />chemical or pby'sical-- to counter the depreciation in water quality <br />that results inevitably fran water use. Sought here would be a means <br />particu:irly adaptable to depreciated waters which, if improved but <br />moderately in quality, could be reused without restriction. For example, <br />means for precipitating sane part of the dissolved solids, or for <br />segregating a relatively large fraction of the waste productll in a <br />relatively small fraction of the water that then could be disposed of <br />separately. This would involve intensive research into fundamental <br />water chemistry, including neutron activation of contAminated waters <br />and of base-exchange materials. Difficulties admitted:).y are serious <br />but the stakes are great and a practical method would be applicable <br />universally. From. five to ten years of intensive effort is contemplated. <br />Cost, excluding possible tests at pilot-plant scale, first year <br />$25,000, second to fifth year possibly to as D1Uch as $150,000 per year. <br /> <br />Water Salvage <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />Sane of the hottest and most arid areas in the United States <br />lie within the Pacific Southwest,. !!he grOll'ing season ill nearly contin- <br />uous and the semi-tropical climate is favorable to lUJC\U'iant growth <br />where water is available. Evaporation and transpiration rates are <br />extreme and, over the region as a whole, probably dissipate at least <br />97 percent of the sparse precipitation. Under present technology <br />this dissipation of water cannot be diminished econanically. It an <br />econanic means can be found 'by ilt ensi ve stud;y, however, the amount <br />of usable water locally m.1~t be 1ncreased several fold. <br /> <br />9 <br /> <br />