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<br />Water Resources Development
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<br />BED ROCK IN THE DAM SITE
<br />The rocks in which Neosho river has eroded its valley and which
<br />will form the abutments and floor of the dam are relatively imper-
<br />vious limestones, shales and a very minor amount of sandstone.
<br />Named in downward order these rocks include Calhoun shale,'
<br />Ervine Creek limestone, Larsh-Mission Creek shale, Rock Bluff
<br />limestone, Oskaloosa shale, Avoea limestone, King Hil1 shale, and
<br />Beil limestone.
<br />Structure of rocks.-The Pennsylvanian formations dip gently to
<br />the west. Because of slight variations in thicknesses of beds and
<br />because of differential movements that have affected the strata, dip
<br />is not uniform. That is to say that anyone stratigraphic horizon
<br />is not a geometric plane, but is a warped surface having slight de-
<br />viations from a plane. The general dip of rock layers is, however,
<br />easily determined. In a triangular area bounded by the locations
<br />of test hole No.1, test hole No.3, and a point at the center of the
<br />south line of see. 18, T. 20 S., R. 14 E. the dip of the upper surface
<br />of the Rock Bluff limestone (Deer Creek formation) is 20.4 feet
<br />per mile. The strike (direction normal to the dip) is north 2" 30'
<br />30" east.
<br />Calhoun shale.-The lower part of the Calhoun shale and sand-
<br />stone was drilled through in holes Nos. 1 and 3. Hole No.3 passes
<br />through a thickness of 23.30 feet, the upper 3 feet of which is fine-
<br />grained sandstone. The remainder is fine-textured clay shale. In
<br />this vicinity the total thickness of the Calhoun formation is about
<br />30 feet. It is overlain by the Topeka limestone.
<br />Ervine Creek limestone.-This limestone is slightly more than 8
<br />feet thick and it comprises rather soluble granular limestone largely
<br />of algal origin. In both holes 1 and 3 it was found to contain rather
<br />large solution cavities. It should be removed and sealed off for a
<br />distance of several feet in the south valley wall, but because it dips
<br />gently into the reservoir its cavernous condition should occasion no
<br />difficulty.
<br />Larsh-Mission Creek shale.-The Larsh-Mission Creek shale is
<br />about 6 feet thick. The upper part is gray clay shale and the lower
<br />part is black, carbonaceous and fissile. Water passes readily along
<br />bedding planes in the fissile shale, but like the overlying limestone
<br />(Ervine Creek) it wil! offer no serious difficulty if properly sealed,
<br />Rock Bluff limestone.-The Rock Bluff limestone is dark bluish-
<br />gray, dense, and has a thickness slightly in excess of2 feet.
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