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<br />~ <br /> <br />chub. The station occupies about 11,500 acres of wildlife habitat, of <br />which about 3500 acres is covered with water for at least part of the <br />year for nesting ducks and geese. The permanent facilities consist <br />mainly of a combination garage and shop and two residences. There are <br />about eight pumping stations along the Green River and a network of <br />roads, dikes and ditches (Figure 6). The growing season is about 110 <br />days for agriculture and average air temperature is 450F. The elevation <br />is about 4700 ft. <br /> <br />~ <br /> <br />The refuge has water rights to draw about 23,000 ac-ft of water from the <br />Green River each year to fill its marshes. In addition the station has <br />rights to 1890 ac-ft of Pelican Lake water. Domestic water is supplied <br />by an 8 inch, 50 foot well at a rate of 225 gpm. <br /> <br />The Green River water is useable for pond culture. However, suspended <br />solids and fish would have to be removed. The water temperature of the <br />river ranges from 320 to 810F. This may be too cold in winter and could <br />cause pipes to freeze; although well water could be used instead. In <br />order to use Green River water pumping would be required. <br /> <br />Pelican Lake is about 2 miles from the refuge at the closest point. <br />Water from the lake travels by gravity flow through a ditch and part way <br />by pipeline (8500', 15" pvc). Some of this water (200 ac-ft) is used to <br />irrigate crops on the refuge but much of it is not utilized. Pelican <br />Lake is noted for its bass and bluegill fishery and the State of Utah <br />maintains a conservation pool in the reservoir. Some winter fish kills <br />have been reported and are believed to have been caused by hydrogen <br />sulfide building up under the ice from anaerobic decomposition of bottom <br />sediments. Swimmer's itch caused by fish parasites has also been <br />repo~ted by swimmers and by state fish pathologists. To use Pelican <br />Lake water in pond culture may require filtration to remove sediment, <br />fish, and fish parasites. Aeration of the water could be used to <br />eliminate the hydrogen sulfide. No pumping would be required since <br />there is an elevation difference of 90 feet from the lake to the refuge. <br />This head could be used to help operate pressurized sand filters to <br />clean the Pelican Lake water. However, when the lake freezes, this <br />source of water would no longer be available and well water would have <br />to be used. Lake temperatures range from 320 to 810F annually and from <br />68 to 810F during the growing season for Colorado squawfish. <br /> <br />Groundwater from Green river alluvium would be an excellent source of <br />water, but it would have to be pumped. Also, this well water probably <br />would need to be aerated, if it is like the water from the refuge's <br />domestic well which is devoid of oxygen.++The domestic well water also <br />contains manganese in a reduced form (Mn ) at concentrations up to 0.8 <br />mg/l which could be toxic to fish. Sufficient aeration and retention of <br />the water would oxidize this metal making it harmless. The water <br />temperature in the domestic well is about 520F but may fluctuate seasonally. <br />This water could be used to hold fish in ponds over winter and to keep <br />pipelines from freezing. <br /> <br />There seems to be a substantial amount of alluvial clay on the refuge <br />suitable for pond construction. The quality or extent of these deposits <br /> <br />37 <br />